The longitudinal association between the use of antihypertensive medications and 24-hour sleep in nursing homes: results from the randomized controlled COSMOS trial

Table 2 Associations between sleep parameters and blood pressure or antihypertensive medication use at baseline, for both groups combined

Outcome^a	Exposure	Unadjusted association (95 % CI)	p-value	Adjusted association^b (95 % CI)	p-value	N
Total sleep time	Anti hypertensives^c	-1.4 (-71.7 – 69.0)	0.97	14.1 (-63.7 – 91.9)	0.72	83
Total sleep time	Systolic blood pressure^d	-3.6 (-24.2 – 17.1)	0.73	-3.1 (-24.9 – 18.7)	0.78	79
Sleep onset latency	Anti hypertensives^c	-11.6 (-46.7 – 23.6)	0.53	-20.9 (-59.6 – 17.8)	0.29	83
Sleep onset latency	Systolic blood pressure^d	-0.9 (-11.2 – 9.3)	0.86	-2.4 (-13.1 – 8.3)	0.66	79
Wake after sleep onset	Anti hypertensives^c	-14.9 (-50.0 – 20.3)	0.40	-12.0 (-49.8 – 25.7)	0.53	83
Wake after sleep onset	Systolic blood pressure^d	4.5 (-5.8 – 14.9)	0.39	4.3 (-6.2 – 14.7)	0.42	79
Daytime sleep	Anti hypertensives^c	22.7 (-29.6 – 75.1)	0.39	31.8 (25.9 – 89.5)	0.28	82
Daytime sleep	Systolic blood pressure^d	-7.0 (-22.0 – 8.2)	0.36	-6.7 (-22.7 – 7.4)	0.41	78
Early morning awakening	Anti hypertensives^c	-10.6 (-39.8 – 18.6)	0.47	-7.0 (-38.8 – 24.8)	0.67	83
Early morning awakening	Systolic blood pressure^d	-4.9 (-13.1 – 3.4)	0.24	-3.9 (-12.5 – 4.7)	0.37	79

^aReported as average minutes per day/night
^bAdjusted for age, gender and hypertensive diagnoses at baseline (yes/ no)
^cAnti-hypertensive users compared to non-anti-hypertensive users
^dIncrease in sleep parameter associated with 10 mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure

ISSN: 1471-2318