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Table 1 Assignments and measurement scales of independent variables (N = 1860)

From: Multimorbidity patterns in old adults and their associated multi-layered factors: a cross-sectional study

Layer factors

Independent variables

Assignments

N (%)

Mean ± SD

I

Innate personal trait

Age

age (years)

 

70.79±6.954

Sex

female, male

973(52.3) / 887(47.7)

 

BMI

height/weight2 (kg/m)

 

23.05±3.677

Genetic/family history

no, yes

1676(90.1) / 184(9.9)

 

II

Behavioral lifestyle

Smoking history

current, quit, never

297(16.0) / 232(12.5) / 1331(71.6)

 

Drinking history

current, quit, never

308(16.6) / 167(9.0) / 1385(74.5)

 

Sleep quality

very good, good, poor, very poor

487(26.2) / 981(52.7) / 338(18.2) / 54(2.9)

 

Physical exercise

low level, moderate level, high level

1792(96.3) / 68(3.7)

 

Balanced diet

no, yes

930(50.0) / 930(50.0)

 

Light diet

no, yes

702(37.7) / 1158(62.3)

 

Regular meals

no, yes

477(25.6) / 1383(74.4)

 

Consumption of coarse cereals (g)

0-100, 101-200, 201-300, 301-400, 401-

63(3.4) / 224(12.0) / 415(22.3) / 731(39.3) / 427(23.0)

 

Consumption of fruits and vegetables (g)

0-100, 101-200, 201-300, 301-400, 401-

39(2.1) / 154(8.3) / 243(13.1) / 622(33.4) / 802(43.1)

 

Medication adherence

0-8

 

4.30±2.838

III

Interpersonal network

Marital status

married, unmarried, divorced, widowed

24(1.3) / 1413(76.0) / 17(0.9) / 406(21.8)

 

Living arrangement

live alone, live with others

268(14.4) / 1592(85.6)

 

Family structure

empty-nest, non-empty-nest

892(48.0) / 968(52.0)

 

Family network

LSNS-6 Family subscale

 

12.02±2.893

Friendship network

LSNS-6 Friends subscale

 

8.70±4.208

Social support

MOS-SSS-C

 

71.79±14.408

IV

Socio-economic status

Education

primary school and below, junior school, high school and above

905(48.7) / 509(27.4) / 446(24.0)

 

Per capita monthly family income (¥)

≤1000, 1001-3000, 3001-5000, >5000

712(38.3) / 614(33.0) / 422(22.7) / 112(6.0)

 

Pre-retirement occupation

public functionary, farmer, self-employed, unemployed, others

585(31.5) / 775(41.7) / 167(9.0) / 85(4.6) / 248(13.3)

 

V

Macro-environmental

Resident type

rural, urban

982(52.8) / 878(47.2)

 

Types of basic medical insurance

urban employee basic medical insurance, urban and rural resident medical insurance, others

558(30.0) / 1138(61.2) / 164(8.8)

 

Types of basic endowment insurance

urban employee basic endowment insurance, urban and rural resident endowment insurance, others

475(25.5) / 1326(71.3) / 59(3.2)