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Table 1 Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics by functional status (N = 794)

From: Functional status and its associated factors among community-dwelling older adults in rural Nepal: findings from a cross-sectional study

Characteristics

Total (%)

Functional status (%)

Good (n = 728, 91.6 %)

Poor (n = 66, 8.3 %)

P-value

Age (year)

    
 

60–69

440 (55.4)

416 (94.6)

24 (5.4)

< 0.001

 

70–79

235 (29.6)

215 (91.5)

20 (8.5)

 
 

≥ 80

119 (15.0)

97 (81.5)

22 (18.5)

 

Gender

    
 

Male

400 (50.4)

372 (93.0)

28 (7.0)

0.177

 

Female

394 (49.6)

356 (90.4)

38 (9.6)

 

Ethnicity

    
 

Aadiwasi/Janjatis

298 (37.5)

276 (92.6)

22 (7.4)

0.672

 

Brahmin/Chettri/Thakur

69 (8.7)

65 (94.2)

4 (5.8)

 
 

Dalit

157 (19.8)

142 (90.5)

15 (9.6)

 
 

Madeshi and others

270 (34.0)

245 (90.7)

25 (9.3)

 

Marital status

    
 

Married

425 (53.5)

400 (94.1)

25 (5.9)

0.008

 

Without partnera

369 (46.5)

328 (88.9)

41 (11.1)

 

Educational status

    
 

Without formal education

636 (80.1)

583 (91.7)

53 (8.3)

0.966

 

With formal education

158 (19.9)

145 (91.8)

13 (8.2)

 

Past occupation

    
 

Employed

364 (45.8)

351 (96.4)

13 (3.6)

< 0.001

 

Unemployed

430 (54.2)

377 (87.7)

53 (12.3)

 

Family monthly incomeb

    
 

NRP ≤ 5,000

381 (48.0)

348 (91.3)

33 (8.7)

0.921

 

NRP 5,000 - ≤ 10,000

145 (18.3)

134 (92.4)

11 (7.6)

 
 

NRP > 10,000

268 (33.8)

246 (91.8)

22 (8.2)

 

History of smoking

    
 

No

300 (37.8)

281 (93.7)

19 (6.3)

0.115

 

Yes

494 (62.2)

447 (90.5)

47 (9.5)

 

History of alcohol drinking

    
 

No

504 (63.5)

458 (90.9)

46 (9.1)

0.273

 

Yes

290 (36.5)

270 (93.1)

20 (6.9)

 

Physical activity

    
 

Inactive

612 (77.1)

557 (91.0)

55 (9.0)

0.207

 

Active

182 (22.9)

171 (94.0)

11 (6.0)

 

Memory or concentration problem

    
 

No

486 (61.2)

465 (95.7)

21 (4.3)

< 0.001

 

Yes

308 (38.8)

263 (85.4)

45 (14.6)

 

Depressive symptoms

    
 

No

351 (44.2)

339 (96.6)

12 (3.4)

< 0.001

 

Yes

443 (55.8)

389 (87.8)

54 (12.2)

 

Hypertension

    
 

No

541 (68.1)

507 (93.7)

34 (6.3)

0.002

 

Yes

253 (31.9)

221 (87.4)

32 (12.7)

 

Arthritis

    
 

No

463 (58.3)

435 (94.0)

28 (6.1)

0.006

 

Yes

331 (41.7)

293 (88.5)

38 (11.5)

 

Cardiovascular disease

    
 

No

775 (97.6)

711 (91.7)

64 (8.3)

0.723

 

Yes

19 (2.4)

17 (89.5)

2 (10.5)

 

Diabetes

    
 

No

752 (94.7)

689 (91.6)

63 (8.4)

0.778

 

Yes

42 (5.3)

39 (92.9)

3 (7.1)

 

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

    
 

No

672 (84.6)

623 (92.7)

49 (7.3)

0.014

 

Yes

122 (15.4)

105 (86.1)

17 (13.9)

 
  1. a Widowed/divorced/separated/unmarried. bNRP: Nepali rupee; 1 NRP ~ 100 US dollar. Significant p-values are bolded