Association between anemia, physical performance and cognitive function in Iranian elderly people: evidence from Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program

Marzban, Maryam; Nabipour, Iraj; Farhadi, Akram; Ostovar, Afshin; Larijani, Bagher; Darabi, Amir Hossein; Shabankari, Elnaz; Gholizade, Mohamad

doi:10.1186/s12877-021-02285-9

Table 4 Gender-stratified relationship between cognitive &physical measures and anemia; BEH program (n = 2426)

From: Association between anemia, physical performance and cognitive function in Iranian elderly people: evidence from Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program

Outcome variable	Analytic model	All		Male		Female
Outcome variable	Analytic model	β (95% CI)	P-value	β (95% CI)	P-value	β (95% CI)	P-value
Hemoglobin ^a
Category fluency test (semantic memory)	Crude	0.20 (0.09 to 0.32)	0.0001	− 0.02 (− 0.19 to 0.14)	0.781	0.03 (− 0.13 to 0.19)	0.725
	Model 1	0.14 (0.02 to 0.25)	0.014	−0.12 (− 0.29 to 0.04)	0.148	− 0.03 (− 0.19 to 0.12)	0.681
	Model 2	0.09 (− 0.01 to 0.19)	0.081	0.00 (− 0.15 to 0.16)	0.922	0.07 (− 0.07 to 0.22)	0.343
	Model 3	0.06 (−0.04 to 0.17)	0.251	−0.01 (− 0.17 to 0.14)	0.838	0.05 (− 0.09 to 0.20)	0.481
	Model 4	0.05 (−0.05 to 0.16)	0.342	−0.07 (− 0.23 to 0.08)	0.365	0.01 (− 0.13 to 0.17)	0. 809
Late recall	Crude	0.02 (0.00 to 0.04)	0.028	0.02 (−0.00 to 0.06)	0.140	0.02 (−0.00 to 0.06)	0.112
	Model 1	0.03 (0.01 to 0.05)	0.003	0.03 (0.00 to 0.07)	0.029	0.03 (0.00 to 0.07)	0.038
	Model 2	0.03 (0.01 to 0.05)	0.003	0.02(−0.01 to 0.05)	0.198	0.02 (−0.00 to 0.06)	0.154
	Model 3	0.03 (0.00 to 0.05)	0.011	0.02 (−0.01 to 0.05)	0.169	0.03 (−0.00 to 0.06)	0.094
	Model 4	0.03 (0.00 to 0.05)	0.010	0.02 (−0.01 to 0.05)	0.185	0.03 (−0.00 to 0.06)	0.080
Mean hand grip	Crude	1.69 (1.49 to 1.89)	0.0001	0.80 (0.53 to 1.07)	0.0001	0.36 (0.18 to 0.53)	0.0001
	Model 1	1.56 (1.36 to 1.75)	0.0001	0.52 (0.28 to 0.76)	0.0001	0.25 (0.09 to 0.42)	0.002
	Model 2	1.50 (1.32to1.68)	0.0001	0.84 (0.58 to 1.10)	0.0001	0.38 (0.21 to 0. 56)	0.0001
	Model 3	1.30 (1.11 to 1.48)	0.0001	0.78 (0.52 to 1.04)	0.0001	0.35 (0.17 to0.52)	0.0001
	Model 4	1.30 (1.11 to 1. 48)	0.0001	0.57 (90.31 to 0.83)	0.0001	0.23 (0.06 to 0. 40)	0.006
Relative hand grip	Crude	0.06 (0.05 to 0.07)	0.0001	0.02 (0.01 to 0.03)	0.0001	0.01 (0.00 to 0.01)	0.001
	Model 1	0.06 (0.05 to 0.06)	0.0001	0.01 (0.00 to 0.02)	0.019	0.00 (0.00 to 0.01)	0.011
	Model 2	0.05 (0.04 to0.06)	0.0001	0.02 (0.01 to 0.03)	0.0001	0.01 (0.00 to 0.01)	0.0001
	Model 3	0.04 (0.03 to 0.05)	0.0001	0.01 (0.00 to 0.01)	0.0001	0.01 (0.00 to 0.01)	0.0001
	Model 4	0.04 (0.03 to 0.05)	0.0001	0.01 (0.00 to 0.02)	0.0001	0.00 (0.00 to 0.01)	0.004
Walking 4.57 m/s	Crude	−0.33 (− 0.46 to − 0.19)	0.0001	− 0.14 (− 0.25 to − 0.03)	0.010	− 0.17 (− 0.43 to 0.08)	0.178
	Model 1	− 0.24 (− 0.36 to − 0.11)	0.0001	−0.06 (− 0.17 to 0.03)	0.021	− 0.05 (− 0.29 to 0.19)	0.686
	Model 2	−0.28 (− 0.41 to-0.14)	0.0001	− 0.15 (− 0.26 to − 0.04)	0.007	−0.20 (− 0.45 to 0.05)	0.118
	Model 3	−0.20(− 0.34 to − 0.07)	0.002	−0.14 (− 0.25 to − 0.03)	0.013	−0.14 (− 0.40 to 0.11)	0.285
	Model 4	−0.12 (− 0.22 to − 0.01)	0.020	−0.04(− 0.16 to 0.06)	0.376	0.04 (− 0.13 to 0.22)	0.589

The linear regression was used for analysis
a Hemoglobin concentration was used as an independent variable
Model 1 adjusted for age
Model 2 adjusted for education
Model 3 adjusted for age, education level, marital status, BMI, smoking status
Model 4 adjusted for age, education level, marital status, BMI, smoking status, HTN, HbA1c, GFR,Alzehimer’s, Parkinson’s

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