Table 2 Percentage of low subjective well-being by background characteristics among older adults in India
Background characteristics | LSWB (%) | Chi-square p-value |
|---|---|---|
Headship status | 0.001 | |
 Nominal | 58.0 |  |
 Functional | 22.8 |  |
Age group (years) | 0.001 | |
 60–69 | 22.1 |  |
 70–79 | 26.3 |  |
 80+ | 33.4 |  |
Sex | 0.001 | |
 Male | 22.0 |  |
 Female | 30.5 |  |
Educational attainment | 0.001 | |
 Not educated | 33.7 |  |
 5 years or less | 25.9 |  |
 6–10 years | 13.7 |  |
 11+ years | 12.0 |  |
Marital status | 0.001 | |
 Not in union | 30.0 |  |
 Currently in union | 21.1 |  |
Children co-residing | 0.001 | |
 No | 29.5 |  |
 Yes | 22.1 |  |
Working status (last 1 year) | 0.001 | |
 Not working | 31.0 |  |
 Working | 20.5 |  |
 Retired | 6.7 |  |
Community involvement | 0.001 | |
 No | 37.7 |  |
 Yes | 21.4 |  |
Trust over someone | 0.001 | |
 No | 41.6 |  |
 yes | 20.8 |  |
Self-rated health | 0.001 | |
 Good | 12.4 |  |
 Poor | 34.6 |  |
Psychological distress | 0.001 | |
 Low | 15.2 |  |
 High | 60.0 |  |
Chronic morbidity | 0.001 | |
 No | 21.0 |  |
 Yes | 26.4 |  |
Disability | 0.001 | |
 No | 14.8 |  |
 Yes | 28.4 |  |
Wealth status | 0.001 | |
 Poorest | 44.7 |  |
 Poorer | 31.7 |  |
 Middle | 17.4 |  |
 Richer | 11.8 |  |
 Richest | 7.7 |  |
Religion | 0.001 | |
 Hindu | 26.1 |  |
 Muslim | 26.5 |  |
 Sikh | 8.8 |  |
 Others | 22.4 |  |
Caste | 0.001 | |
 Scheduled Tribe | 31.0 |  |
 Scheduled Caste | 28.5 |  |
 Other Backward Class | 25.2 |  |
 Others | 19.0 |  |
Type of residence | 0.001 | |
 Rural | 25.1 |  |
 Urban | 22.5 |  |
State | 0.001 | |
 Himachal Pradesh | 11.0 |  |
 Punjab | 9.5 |  |
 West Bengal | 47.8 |  |
 Orissa | 26.8 |  |
 Maharashtra | 33.6 |  |
 Kerala | 11.5 |  |
 Tamil Nadu | 32.5 |  |
 Total | 24.3 |  |