Table 2 General characteristics of study population at baseline (2006→2008) (N=7,856)

Change in successful aging

<.0001

 NSA→ NSA

1,273

(36.8)

792

(62.2)

481

(37.8)

1,793

(40.8)

1,326

(74.0)

467

(26.0)

 SA→NSA

501

(14.5)

279

(55.7)

222

(44.3)

562

(12.8)

358

(63.7)

204

(36.3)

 NSA→SA

469

(13.5)

182

(38.8)

287

(61.2)

592

(13.5)

314

(53.0)

278

(47.0)

 SA→SA

1,220

(35.2)

392

(32.1)

828

(67.9)

1,446

(32.9)

641

(44.3)

805

(55.7)

Age

<.0001

 45-54

911

(26.3)

345

(37.9)

566

(62.1)

1,225

(27.9)

559

(45.6)

666

(54.4)

 55-64

1,045

(30.2)

432

(41.3)

613

(58.7)

1,201

(27.3)

650

(54.1)

551

(45.9)

 ≥ 65

1,507

(43.5)

868

(57.6)

639

(42.4)

1,967

(44.8)

1,430

(72.7)

537

(27.3)

Education level

<.0001

 Lower than middle school

1,076

(31.1)

644

(59.9)

432

(40.1)

2,490

(56.7)

1,726

(69.3)

764

(30.7)

 Middle school graduate

596

(17.2)

292

(49.0)

304

(51.0)

724

(16.5)

391

(54.0)

333

(46.0)

 High School graduate

1,197

(34.6)

498

(41.6)

699

(58.4)

981

(22.3)

451

(46.0)

530

(54.0)

 University graduate

594

(17.2)

211

(35.5)

383

(64.5)

198

(4.5)

71

(35.9)

127

(64.1)

Income level

<.0001

 Low

1,148

(33.2)

674

(58.7)

474

(41.3)

1,762

(40.1)

1,253

(71.1)

509

(28.9)

 Middle Low

835

(24.1)

404

(48.4)

431

(51.6)

964

(21.9)

569

(59.0)

395

(41.0)

 Middle High

812

(23.4)

325

(40.0)

487

(60.0)

934

(21.3)

479

(51.3)

455

(48.7)

 High

668

(19.3)

242

(36.2)

426

(63.8)

733

(16.7)

338

(46.1)

395

(53.9)

Marital status

<.0001

 Married

3,171

(91.6)

1,448

(45.7)

1,723

(54.3)

3,031

(69.0)

1,659

(54.7)

1,372

(45.3)

 Unmarried

292

(8.4)

197

(67.5)

95

(32.5)

1,362

(31.0)

980

(72.0)

382

(28.0)

Economic activity

<.0001

 Active

2,053

(59.3)

808

(39.4)

1,245

(60.6)

1,321

(30.1)

675

(51.1)

646

(48.9)

 Inactive

1,410

(40.7)

837

(59.4)

573

(40.6)

3,072

(69.9)

1,964

(63.9)

1,108

(36.1)

Region

<.0001

 Urban

2,610

(75.4)

1,152

(44.1)

1,458

(55.9)

3,328

(75.8)

1,914

(57.5)

1,414

(42.5)

 Rural

853

(24.6)

493

(57.8)

360

(42.2)

1,065

(24.2)

725

(68.1)

340

(31.9)

Physical activity

<.0001

 Yes

1,098

(31.7)

444

(40.4)

654

(59.6)

1,167

(26.6)

567

(48.6)

600

(51.4)

 No

2,365

(68.3)

1,201

(50.8)

1,164

(49.2)

3,226

(73.4)

2,072

(64.2)

1,154

(35.8)

Drinking

<.0001

 Current

2,105

(60.8)

902

(42.9)

1,203

(57.1)

828

(18.8)

440

(53.1)

388

(46.9)

 Past

563

(16.3)

339

(60.2)

224

(39.8)

184

(4.2)

122

(66.3)

62

(33.7)

 Never

795

(23.0)

404

(50.8)

391

(49.2)

3,381

(77.0)

2,077

(61.4)

1,304

(38.6)

Smoking

0.5092

 Current

1,315

(38.0)

621

(47.2)

694

(52.8)

137

(3.1)

104

(75.9)

33

(24.1)

 Past

918

(26.5)

460

(50.1)

458

(49.9)

43

(1.0)

29

(67.4)

14

(32.6)

 Never

1,230

(35.5)

564

(45.9)

666

(54.1)

4,213

(95.9)

2,506

(59.5)

1,707

(40.5)

BMI

<.0001

 Overweight

650

(18.8)

257

(39.5)

393

(60.5)

1,051

(23.9)

626

(59.6)

425

(40.4)

 Normal

2,695

(77.8)

1,309

(48.6)

1,386

(51.4)

3,168

(72.1)

1,893

(59.8)

1,275

(40.2)

 Underweight

118

(3.4)

79

(66.9)

39

(33.1)

174

(4.0)

120

(69.0)

54

(31.0)

Number of chronic diseases

<.0001

 0

1,961

(56.6)

802

(40.9)

1,159

(59.1)

2,449

(55.7)

1,307

(53.4)

1,142

(46.6)

 1

1,024

(29.6)

546

(53.3)

478

(46.7)

1,323

(30.1)

858

(64.9)

465

(35.1)

 ≥2

478

(13.8)

297

(62.1)

181

(37.9)

621

(14.1)

474

(76.3)

147

(23.7)