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Table 3 Comparison of physical function and QoL according to comorbidities in patients 6 months after surgery

From: Influence of comorbidities on functional outcomes in patients with surgically treated fragility hip fractures: a retrospective cohort study

Variable

Hypertension

Diabetes mellitus

Chronic liver disease

(+)

(−)

(+)

(−)

(+)

(−)

Koval’s grade

3.45 ± 2.01

2.96 ± 1.89

3.69 ± 1.94

3.07 ± 1.97

3.43 ± 2.23

3.27 ± 1.97

FAC

3.46 ± 1.25

3.75 ± 1.37

3.14 ± 1.30†

3.78 ± 1.25

3.57 ± 1.81

3.56 ± 1.28

FIM-locomotion

5.79 ± 1.17

5.68 ± 1.40

5.36 ± 1.53

5.89 ± 1.12

5.60 ± 2.07

5.76 ± 1.20

MRMI

31.88 ± 9.95

30.06 ± 13.17

27.27 ± 12.87*

32.69 ± 10.23

33.20 ± 8.70

31.06 ± 11.43

BBS

37.42 ± 15.86

35.53 ± 19.54

31.19 ± 18.80

38.82 ± 16.33

39.00 ± 19.46

36.56 ± 17.28

4MWT (s)

10.10 ± 9.62

10.24 ± 8.29

11.97 ± 13.32

9.58 ± 7.35

18.77 ± 25.22

9.57 ± 6.95

K-MMSE

19.65 ± 8.90

19.67 ± 10.16

17.73 ± 10.17

20.40 ± 8.99

23.40 ± 9.61

19.44 ± 9.35

GDS

6.58 ± 5.99

6.06 ± 5.83

8.48 ± 6.97*

5.60 ± 5.30

10.00 ± 4.58

6.17 ± 5.92

EQ-5D

0.66 ± 0.17

0.70 ± 0.19

0.63 ± 0.22*

0.70 ± 0.15

0.54 ± 0.21*

0.68 ± 0.18

K-MBI

80.03 ± 26.50

72.70 ± 34.66

68.43 ± 34.61

80.82 ± 27.26

83.00 ± 25.58

76.89 ± 30.26

K-IADL

2.09 ± 0.58

1.93 ± 0.60

2.24 ± 0.53†

1.93 ± 0.59

2.00 ± 0.79

2.04 ± 0.58

K-FRAIL

1.87 ± 1.07*

1.49 ± 1.08

2.06 ± 1.07†

1.57 ± 1.07

1.86 ± 1.07

1.73 ± 1.09

Variable

Dementia

Cerebrovascular accident

Osteoporosis

(+)

(−)

(+)

(−)

(+)

(−)

Koval’s grade

4.58 ± 2.20*

3.17 ± 1.92

3.36 ± 2.17

3.27 ± 1.95

3.48 ± 1.95*

2.72 ± 1.96

FAC

2.67 ± 1.61*

3.64 ± 1.24

3.41 ± 1.37

3.58 ± 1.29

3.44 ± 1.28

3.90 ± 1.31

FIM-locomotion

5.50 ± 1.38

5.77 ± 1.25

5.29 ± 1.60

5.79 ± 1.22

5.54 ± 1.34*

6.30 ± 0.77

MRMI

28.71 ± 13.19

31.37 ± 11.17

24.56 ± 15.87

31.88 ± 10.55

30.64 ± 10.92

32.54 ± 12.24

BBS

33.00 ± 20.00

36.99 ± 17.16

23.67 ± 24.02

38.08 ± 15.99

34.34 ± 17.01*

42.73 ± 16.88

4MWT (s)

10.25 ± 6.70

10.15 ± 9.31

9.24 ± 7.66

10.22 ± 9.23

11.57 ± 10.26†

6.47 ± 2.70

K-MMSE

15.43 ± 10.06

20.00 ± 9.27

12.78 ± 10.07*

20.39 ± 9.03

19.12 ± 9.48

21.04 ± 9.06

GDS

7.50 ± 5.82

6.30 ± 5.93

6.00 ± 7.07

6.42 ± 5.83

6.92 ± 5.96

5.00 ± 5.61

EQ-5D

0.58 ± 0.28

0.68 ± 0.17

0.67 ± 0.17

0.68 ± 0.18

0.67 ± 0.17

0.69 ± 0.21

K-MBI

65.86 ± 37.38

78.10 ± 29.36

59.33 ± 39.93

79.06 ± 28.38

74.49 ± 29.45

84.15 ± 30.63

K-IADL

2.43 ± 0.56*

2.00 ± 0.58

2.05 ± 0.69

2.03 ± 0.57

2.12 ± 0.55†

1.78 ± 0.61

K-FRAIL

2.25 ± 1.29

1.69 ± 1.06

1.68 ± 1.21

1.75 ± 1.07

1.85 ± 1.11*

1.44 ± 0.97

  1. Values represent mean ± standard deviation
  2. FAC Functional Ambulatory Category, FIM Functional Independence Measures, MRMI Modified Rivermead Mobility Index, BBS Berg Balance Scale, 4MWT 4-Meter Walking speed Test, K-MMSE Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination, GDS Geriatric Depression Scale, EQ-5D EuroQol Five-Dimension, K-MBI Korean version of Modified Barthel Index, K-IADL Korean version of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, K-FRAIL Korean version of Fatigue, Resistance, Ambulation, Illnesses, and Loss of weight scale
  3. * p < 0.05, † p < 0.01