Table 3 Characteristics of viscerally obese versus non-viscerally obese participants

Mean visceral fat area (SD) / cm²

85.66 (26.22)

161.31 (31.45)

< 0.001

Mean body mass index (SD) / kg/m²

20.66 (2.59)

26.02 (3.55)

< 0.001

Mean waist circumference (SD) / cm

81.05 (8.57)

93.97 (7.96)

< 0.001

Mean percent body fat (SD) / %

30.64 (7.16)

43.60 (5.80)

< 0.001

Mobility disability (total score ≥ 4)

112 (37.0%)

172 (60.1%)

< 0.001

 Mean Loco-Check score (SD)

3.00 (1.66)

4.04 (1.79)

< 0.001

Mean age at test (SD) / years

87.73 (2.45)

87.88 (2.32)

0.45

Men

134 (44.2%)

99 (34.6%)

0.017

Level of education

< 0.001

 No formal education

99 (32.7%)

141 (49.3%)

 Primary

153 (50.5%)

116 (40.6%)

 Secondary and above

51 (16.8%)

29 (10.1%)

Diabetes

68 (22.4%)

81 (28.3%)

0.10

Stroke

23 (7.6%)

28 (9.8%)

0.34

Heart diseases

56 (18.5%)

61 (21.3%)

0.39

Arthritis

71 (23.4%)

96 (33.6%)

0.006

Osteoporosis / hip fracture

40 (13.2%)

44 (15.4%)

0.45

Cognitive impairment

62 (20.5%)

78 (27.3%)

0.052

Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019)

247 (81.5%)

187 (65.6%)

< 0.001