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Table 3 Association between caregiver type and all-cause mortality among married and widowed Chinese older adults with ADL disability

From: Association between primary caregiver type and mortality among Chinese older adults with disability: a prospective cohort study

  

Model 1

Model 2

Incidence per 1000 PYs

(95% CI)

HR (95% CI)

P-value

HR (95% CI)

P-value

 

Married (N = 360)

Spouse

198.9 (169.1, 233.9)

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Son/daughter-in-law

345.7 (279.2, 428.1)

1.38 (1.04, 1.84)

.022

1.41 (1.03, 1.91)

.029

Daughter/son-in-law

302.2 (213.7, 427.3)

1.27 (0.84, 1.93)

.263

1.33 (0.89, 2.10)

.194

 

Widowed (N = 3918)

Son/daughter-in-law

352.9 (336.9, 369.7)

Ref.

 

Ref.

 

Daughter/son-in-law

294.0 (270.8, 319.2)

0.83 (0.76, 0.91)

<.001

0.88 (0.81, 0.96)

.003

Grandchildren

316.1 (280.1, 356.7)

0.85 (0.75, 0.97)

.013

0.86 (0.76, 0.97)

.015

Domestic helper

301.0 (255.7, 354.4)

0.81 (0.68, 0.95)

.013

0.85 (0.71, 1.01)

.070

  1. Abbreviations: PY Person-year, HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, ADL Activity of daily living
  2. Notes: Other caregiver types (including other relatives, neighbors, social services, and nobody) were excluded due to small sample sizes
  3. Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, and number of ADL disability
  4. Model 2: Adjusted for validated age, sex, number of ADL disability, residence (urban vs. rural), education years, financial independence (yes vs. no), self-rated health (very good/good/so-so/bad/very bad), number of chronic conditions, cognitive impaired (MMSE< 18), and caregiving quality