Table 2 Sociodemographic characteristics of total combined adult patient sample, for patients aged ≥65 and < 65 years at the patient level
From: The profile of older adults seeking chiropractic care: a secondary analysis
|  | Total combined adult patient sample (n = 5660) | ≥65 years old patients (n = 897) | < 65 years old patients (n = 4763) | Comparisona between ≥65 years old and < 65 years old |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Source | ||||
 COAST | 3299 (58.3%) | 421 (46.9%) | 2878 (60.4%) | χ2 = 17.7 df = 1 p < 0.0001 |
 O-COAST | 2361 (41.7%) | 476 (53.1%) | 1885 (39.6%) |  |
Number of encounters per patient | ||||
 1 | 4898 (86.5%) | 777 (86.6%) | 4121 (86.5%) | χ2 = 1.1 df = 2 p = 0.59 |
 2 | 556 (9.8%) | 93 (10.4%) | 463 (9.7%) |  |
 3+ | 206 (3.7%) | 27 (3.0%) | 179 (3.8%) |  |
New Patient (n = 4845) | ||||
 Yes | 318 (6.6%) | 26 (3.3%) | 292 (7.2%) | χ2 = 22.6 df = 1 p < 0.0001 |
 No | 4527 (93.4%) | 771 (96.7%) | 3756 (92.8%) |  |
Sex (n = 5554) | ||||
 Male | 2320 (41.8%) | 367 (41.4%) | 1953 (41.8%) | χ2 = 0.08 df = 1 p = 0.77 |
 Female | 3234 (58.2%) | 519 (58.6%) | 2715 (58.2%) |  |
Age | ||||
 18–24 | 334 (5.9%) | – | 334 (7.0%) |  |
 25–54 | 3386 (59.8%) | – | 3386 (71.1%) |  |
 55–64 | 1043 (18.4%) | – | 1043 (21.9%) |  |
 65–74 | 619 (10.9%) | 619 (69.0%) | – |  |
 75–84 | 232 (4.1%) | 232 (25.9%) | – |  |
 85+ | 46 (0.8%) | 46 (5.1%) | – |  |
BMI (n = 5457) | ||||
 Mean (range; SD) | 26.9 (14.6–52.3; 5.2) | 27.2 (16.7–48.9; 5.1) | 26.9 (14.6–52.3; 5.2) | t = 1.33 df = 87 p = 0.19 |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Cancer | 63 (1.1%) | 28 (3.1%) | 35 (0.7%) | χ2 = 70.9 df = 1 p < 0.0001 |
 Cardiovascular | 493 (8.7%) | 217 (24.2%) | 276 (5.8%) | χ2 = 334.1 df = 1 p < 0.0001 |
 Diabetes | 171 (3.0%) | 62 (6.9%) | 109 (2.3%) | χ2 = 37.6 df = 1 p < 0.0001 |
 Gastrointestinal | 92 (1.6%) | 24 (2.7%) | 68 (2.7%) | χ2 = 11.6 df = 1 p = 0.0006 |
 Genitourinary | 40 (0.7%) | 9 (1.0%) | 31 (0.7%) | χ2 = 1.4 df = 1 p = 0.2 |
 Musculoskeletal | 288 (5.1%) | 129 (14.4%) | 159 (3.3%) | χ2 = 177.3 df = 1 p < 0.0001 |
 Neurological | 52 (0.9%) | 22 (2.5%) | 30 (0.6%) | χ2 = 19.4 df = 1 p < 0.0001 |
 Psychological | 129 (2.3%) | 18 (2.0%) | 111 (2.3%) | χ2 = 0.6 df = 1 p = 0.4 |
 Respiratory | 113 (2.0%) | 27 (3.0%) | 86 (1.8%) | χ2 = 5.8 df = 1 p = 0.02 |
 Other | 154 (2.7%) | 28 (3.1%) | 126 (2.7%) | χ2 = 0.5 df = 1 p = 0.5 |
# Comorbidity Categories | ||||
 0 | 4413 (78.0%) | 484 (54.0%) | 3929 (82.5%) | χ2 = 311.6 df = 5 p < 0.0001 |
 1 | 791 (14.0%) | 230 (25.6%) | 561 (11.8%) |  |
 2 | 291 (5.1%) | 108 (12.0%) | 183 (3.8%) |  |
 3 | 99 (1.8%) | 46 (5.1%) | 53 (1.1%) |  |
 4 | 33 (0.6%) | 14 (1.6%) | 19 (0.4%) |  |
 5 or more | 33 (0.6%) | 15 (1.7%) | 18 (0.4%) |  |
Smoking statusc (n = 2987) | ||||
 Never smoked | 1796 (60.1%) | 262 (55.0%) | 1534 (61.1%) | χ2 = 75.2 df = 3 p < 0.0001 |
 Used to smoke | 834 (27.9%) | 194 (40.8%) | 640 (25.5%) |  |
 Smoke occasionally | 142 (4.8%) | 7 (1.5%) | 135 (5.4%) |  |
 Smoke regularly | 215 (7.2%) | 13 (2.7%) | 202 (8.0%) |  |
Physical activityc (n = 2986) | ||||
 Never | 918 (30.7%) | 213 (44.8%) | 705 (28.1%) | χ2 = 62.5 df = 5 p < 0.0001 |
 Once a week | 571 (19.1%) | 86 (18.1%) | 485 (19.3%) |  |
 2–3 x per week | 869 (29.1%) | 95 (20.0%) | 774 (30.8%) |  |
 4–6 x per week | 459 (15.4%) | 45 (9.5%) | 414 (16.5%) |  |
 Once a day | 121 (4.1%) | 26 (5.5%) | 95 (3.8%) |  |
  > Once a day | 48 (1.6%) | 11 (2.3%) | 37 (1.5%) |  |
Occupation (n = 5314) | ||||
 Employed | 3791 (71.3%) | 161 (18.8%) | 3630 (81.4%) |  |
 Home Duties | 375 (7.1%) | 40 (4.7%) | 335 (7.5%) |  |
 Unemployed | 36 (0.7%) | – | 36 (0.8%) |  |
 Retired | 919 (17.3%) | 656 (76.6%) | 263 (5.9%) |  |
 Student | 193 (3.6%) | – | 193 (4.3%) |  |
Patients referred fromb: | ||||
 GP/FP (n = 4217) | 280 (6.6%) | 64 (9.2%) | 216 (6.1%) | χ2 = 4.0, df = 1, p = 0.046 |
 Other DC (n = 4237) | 300 (7.1%) | 57 (8.3%) | 243 (6.9%) | χ2 = 1.5, df = 1, p = 0.22 |
 Patient (n = 4715) | 2421 (51.4%) | 366 (51.1%) | 2055 (51.4%) | χ2 = 0.01, df = 1, p = 0.92 |
 Other (n = 4200) | 917 (21.8%) | 124 (18.4%) | 793 (22.5%) | χ2 = 2.2, df = 1, p = 0.14 |