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Table 1 Characteristics of the patients included in the study, according to survival

From: The prognostic role of functional dependency in older inpatients with COVID-19

Variable

Entire group (n=186)

Survivors (n=143)

Non-survivors (n=43)

*p-value

Age (years)

78.5±8.6

77.0±8.2

83.6±8.1

<0.001

Male sex

80 (43.0%)

58 (40.6%)

22 (51.2%)

0.22

Comorbid conditions

 Hypertension

154 (82.8%)

118 (83.7%)

36 (82.5%)

0.86

 Diabetes mellitus

96 (51.6%)

69 (51.7%)

22 (51.2%)

0.96

 Severe functional dependency

89 (47.8%)

33 (23.1%)

21 (48.8%)

<0.001

 Cerebrovascular disease

86 (46.2%)

61 (42.7%)

25 (58.1%)

0.007

 Renal failure

75 (40.3%)

47 (32.9%)

28 (65.1%)

<0.001

 Dementia

 Nursing-home residence

74 (39.8%)

54 (29.0%)

16 (14.3%)

33 (23.1%)

27 (62.8%)

21 (48.8%)

<0.001

<0.001

 Heart failure

42 (22.6%)

25 (17.5%)

17 (39.5%)

0.002

 Obesity

40 (21.5%)

29 (20.3%)

11 (25.6%)

0.46

 Coronary artery disease

40 (21.5%)

29 (20.3%)

11 (25.6%)

0.46

 Pessure sores

32 (17.2%)

20 (14.0%)

12 (27.9%)

0.034

 Chronic lung disease

30 (16.1%)

23 (16.1%)

7 (16.3%)

0.97

 Malignant disease

25 (13.4%)

18 (12.6%)

7 (16.3%)

0.53

Laboratory data

 Serum albumin on admission (normal 34-48 g/l)

34.1±5.2

35.2±5.0

30.7±4.2

<0.001

 Serum CRP on admission (normal 0.3-5.0 mg/l)

50.9 (17.2-123.0)

40.0 (15.3-102.0)

90.2 (43.8-171.5)

<0.001

 Pneumonia during hospitalization

120 (64.5%)

83 (58.0%)

37 (86.0%)

<0.001

Treatment during hospitalization

 Antibiotics

133 (71.5%)

93 (65.0%)

40 (93.0%)

<0.001

 Corticosteroids

81 (43.5%)

57 (39.9%)

24 (55.8%)

0.064

 Convalescent plasma

40 (21.5%)

30 (21.0%)

10 (23.3%)

0.75

 Tocilizumab

39 (21.0%)

30 (21.0%)

9 (20.9%)

0.99

 Remdesivir

31 (16.7%)

25 (17.5%)

6 (14.0%)

0.59

 Hydroxychloroquine

27 (14.5%)

18 (12.6%)

9 (20.9%)

0.17

 Oxygen via nasal canula/mask

75 (40.3%)

66 (46.2%)

9 (20.9%)

<0.001

 High flow oxygen

17 (9.1%)

6 (4.2%)

11 (25.6%)

<0.001

 Mechanical ventilation

22 (11.8%)

5 (3.5%)

17 (39.4%)

<0.001

 Admission to the intensive care unit

34 (18.3%)

12 (8.4%)

22 (51.2%)

<0.001

  1. Data are presented as means ± standard deviations or medians (interquartile range) or numbers (percentages) of presented cases.
  2. * Difference between survivors and non-survivors. CRP C-reactive protein. Bold entries in the table idicate a p-value of < 0.05.