Table 3 General characteristics of fall-related head injury by severity in the older adults
From: Characteristics of fall‐related head injury versus non‐head injury in the older adults
Severe (n = 1425) | Non-severe (n = 13,008) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Average age, yrs | 73.7.3 ± 8.3 | 72.6 ± 8.6 | 0.000 |
Age group, years old, (%) | 0.000 | ||
60 ~ 69 | 482 (33.8) | 5311 (40.8) | |
70 ~ 79 | 579 (40.6) | 4684 (36.0) | |
≥ 80 | 364 (25.5) | 3013 (23.2) | |
Sex, male (%) | 874 (61.3) | 6921 (53.2) | 0.000 |
Season of injury occurrence (%) | 0.702 | ||
Spring (March ~ May) | 328 (23.0) | 3027 (23.3) | |
Summer(June ~ August) | 333 (23.4) | 3005 (23.1) | |
Autumn (September ~ November) | 376 (26.4) | 3587 (27.6) | |
Winter (December ~ February) | 388 (27.2) | 3389 (26.1) | |
Time of injury occurrence (%) | 0.015 | ||
00:00–05:59 | 251 (17.6) | 2022 (15.5) | |
06:00–11:59 | 261 (18.3) | 2278 (17.5) | |
12:00–17:59 | 479 (33.6) | 4225 (32.5) | |
18:00–23:59 | 434 (30.5) | 4483 (34.5) | |
Location of injury occurrence (%) | n = 1422 | n = 12,984 | 0.000 |
Residential facility | 761 (53.5) | 5935 (45.7) | |
Medical facility | 38 (2.7) | 321 (2.5) | |
Sports facility or work place | 36 (2.5) | 273 (2.1) | |
Transportation area | 402 (28.3) | 4836 (37.2) | |
Public or commercial facility | 139 (9.8) | 1222 (9.4) | |
Other outdoor area | 46 (3.2) | 397 (3.1) | |
Indoor or outdoor fall injury (%) | n = 1423 | n = 12,994 | 0.010 |
Outdoor | 679 (47.7) | 6666 (51.3) | |
Activity during injury occurrence (%) | n = 1394 | n = 12,776 | 0.016 |
Paid work | 36 (2.6) | 255 (2.0) | |
Unpaid work | 44 (3.2) | 490 (3.8) | |
Sports or leisure activity | 216 (15.5) | 2331 (18.2) | |
Daily activity | 1098 (78.8) | 9700 (75.9) | |
Alcohol ingestion, case n/total n (%) | 224/1140 (19.6) | 2377/10,394 (22.9) | 0.014 |
Education (%) | n = 515 | n = 709 | 0.001 |
Uneducated or elementary school | 224 (43.5) | 346 (48.8) | |
Junior high school | 100 (19.4) | 114 (16.1) | |
High school | 118 (22.9) | 152 (21.4) | |
≥ College | 73 (14.2) | 97 (13.7) | |
Occupation, employed or unemployed (%) | n = 1273 | n = 1791 | 0.633 |
Employed | 218 (17.1) | 295 (16.5) | |
Mechanism of fall (%) | 0.000 | ||
Fall from stairs | 313 (22.0) | 1930 (14.8) | |
Slip down on same level | 635 (44.6) | 5522 (42.5) | |
Others including fall over | 477 (33.5) | 5556 (42.7) | |
Environment of floor while occur fall | |||
Slippery condition of floor or non-slippery | n = 1383 | n = 12,878 | 0.030 |
Slippery | 92 (6.7) | 1073 (8.3) | |
Type of floor, concrete or others | n = 1382 | n = 12,891 | 0.336 |
Concrete | 1153 (83.4) | 10,871 (84.3) | |
Slope of floor, sloping or flat | n = 1388 | n = 12,914 | 0.000 |
Sloping | 260 (18.7) | 1721 (13.3) | |
Existing of obstacle, yes or none | n = 1388 | n = 12,918 | 0.000 |
Yes | 221 (15.9) | 1487 (11.5) |