Table 1 Baseline characteristics of AIS patients in training cohort and validation cohort

IDDVT, n (%)

142 (21.9%)

96 (22.3%)

46 (21.3%)

Age (years)

68.5 ± 12.1

68.9 ± 12.0

67.7 ± 12.4

Gender

male, n (%)

381 (58.9%)

255 (59.2%)

126 (58.3%)

female, n (%)

266 (41.1%)

176 (40.8%)

90 (41.7%)

Subtype of stroke, n (%)

Large-artery atherosclerosis

516 (79.8%)

340 (78.9%)

176 (81.5%)

Cardioembolism

80 (12.4%)

54 (12.5%)

26 (12.0%)

Small-artery occlusion

6 (0.9%)

2 (0.5%)

4 (1.9%)

Other or undetermined

25 (3.9%)

20 (4.6%)

5 (2.3%)

Unknown

20 (3.1%)

15 (3.5%)

5 (2.3%)

Lower limb paralysis

248 (38.3%)

169 (39.2%)

79 (36.6%)

Current pneumonia

132 (20.4%)

84 (19.5%)

48 (22.2%)

Atrial fibrillation

114 (17.6%)

81 (18.8%)

33 (15.3%)

Arterial hypertension

504 (77.9%)

327 (75.9%)

177 (81.9%)

Diabetes mellitus

236 (36.5%)

151 (35.0%)

85 (39.4%)

Current malignant tumor

34 (5.3%)

21 (4.9%)

13 (6.0%)

Current uarthritis

27 (4.2%)

17 (3.9%)

10 (4.6%)

Albumin (g/L)

36.9 ± 4.1

36.9 ± 4.1

37.0 ± 4.0

Fast blood glucose (mmol/L)

6.0 ± 2.4

5.9 ± 2.3

6.2 ± 2.7

SCr (μmol/L)

67.0 (55.0–82.0)

67.0 (55.0–82.0)

68.5 (56.0–80.0)

Hcy (μmol/L)

6.5 ± 8.4

6.1 ± 3.8

7.4 ± 14.0

INR

1.1 ± 0.3

1.1 ± 0.3

1.1 ± 0.3

Fibrinogen (g/L)

3.6 ± 1.5

3.6 ± 1.5

3.7 ± 1.4

D-Dimer (mg/L)

1.3 (0.9–2.6)

1.3 (0.9–2.6)

1.4 (1.0–2.4)

CRP (mg/L)

8.6 (3.3–23.1)

10.4 (3.4–23.1)

6.0 (3.2–21.4)

hs-CRP (mg/L)

4.8 (1.1–13.8)

4.2 (1.2–12.8)

5.8 (1.1–21.1)

Anticoagulants

200 (30.9%)

138 (32.0%)

62 (28.7%)

Antiplatelet

546 (84.4%)

358 (83.1%)

188 (87.0%)

Lipid-lowering agents

627 (96.9%)

417 (96.8%)

210 (97.2%)

Thrombolysis

76 (11.7%)

56 (13.0%)

20 (9.3%)

Hormonal treatment

32 (4.9%)

20 (4.6%)

12 (5.6%)