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Table 4 Odds ratios and 95% CI for the associations of oral health markers with frailty and mobility limitations in older people in the TOOTH Study

From: Associations of poor oral health with frailty and physical functioning in the oldest old: results from two studies in England and Japan

Oral health markers

Frailtya

Mobility limitationsb

 

Age-adjustedc

Fully-adjustedd

 

Age-adjustedc

Fully-adjustedd

N (%)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

N (%)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Dry mouth

 No

51 (18)

1.00

1.00

23 (8)

1.00

1.00

 Yes

30 (21)

1.26 (0.75, 2.11)

1.32 (0.74, 2.35) e

15 (10)

1.35 (0.65, 2.79)

1.49 (0.68, 3.27) e

Difficulty swallowing

 No

96 (21)

1.00

1.00

56 (12)

1.00

1.00

 Yes

19 (28)

1.55 (0.88, 2.74)

1.51 (0.81, 2.82)

17 (25)

2.31 (1.20, 4.45)

2.07 (0.96, 4.42)

Difficulty Eating

 Severe difficulty eating

  0 to 3 foods

46 (16)

1.00

1.00

54 (12)

1.00

1.00

  4 to 15 foods

67 (29)

1.89 (1.08, 3.33)

1.84 (1.01, 3.36)

17 (25)

1.99 (1.02, 3.90)

2.42 (1.17, 5.03)

 Any trouble eating hard foods

  0 to 1 foods

40 (16)

1.00

1.00

19 (7)

1.00

1.00

  2 to 5 foods

75 (28)

1.95 (1.27, 3.00)

1.94 (1.23, 3.05)

54 (20)

2.69 (1.52, 4.75)

2.84 (1.53, 5.26)

Number of teeth

  ≥ 21 teeth

17 (18)

1.00

1.00

9 (10)

1.00

1.00

 1–20 teeth

52 (19)

1.02 (0.55, 1.88)

0.94 (0.48, 1.83)

33 (12)

1.13 (0.51, 2.50)

1.34 (0.51, 3.54)

 0 teeth

46 (29)

1.53 (0.81, 2.88)

1.77 (0.87, 3.61)

31 (19)

1.72 (0.75, 3.92)

2.27 (0.82, 6.30)

Partial tooth loss

  ≥ 21 teeth

17 (18)

1.00

1.00

9 (10)

1.00

1.00

  < 21 teeth

98 (22)

1.25 (0.70, 2.23)

0.94 (0.65, 2.27)

64 (15)

1.33 (0.62, 2.83)

1.60 (0.64, 3.99)

Complete tooth loss

 1 or more teeth

69 (19)

1.00

1.00

42 (11)

1.00

1.00

 No teeth

46 (29)

1.63 (1.06, 2.55)

1.67 (1.05, 2.67)

31 (19)

1.49 (0.87, 2.54)

1.54 (0.85, 2.78)

  1. aFrailty status (Frail vs non-frail). bBased on reported reported difficulty getting around in the house, or going up and down stairs/steps, or walking at least 400 yards. cAdjusted for age and sex. dAdjusted for age, sex, BMI, alcohol intake, smoking status, education level, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension. eAdditionally adjusted for depression