Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of 2251 participants of the UHCE study; by emotional and social loneliness
From: Socio-demographic characteristics associated with emotional and social loneliness among older adults
| Socio-demographiccharacteristics | Total | Emotional loneliness (yes) | Emotional loneliness (no) | Social loneliness (yes) | Social loneliness (no) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 2251 (100%) | n = 657 (29.2%) | n = 1594 (70.8%) | P-value | n = 600 (26.7%) | n = 1651 (73.3%) | P-value | |
| Mean (SD) N (% of total) | Mean (SD) N (% ‘lonely’) | Mean (SD) N (% ‘not lonely’) | Mean (SD) N (% ‘lonely’) | Mean (SD) N (% ‘not lonely’) | |||
| Age (in years) | 79.7 (SD = 5.6) | 80.2 (SD = 5.8) | 79.5 (SD = 5.6) | .006 | 80.5 (SD = 5.3) | 79.4 (SD = 5.8) | <.001 |
| Sex | <.001 | .223 | |||||
| Female | 1360 (60.4%) | 463 (34.0%) | 897 (66.0%) | 375 (27.6%) | 985 (72.4%) | ||
| Male | 891 (39.6%) | 194 (21.8%) | 697 (78.2%) | 225 (25.3%) | 666 (74.7%) | ||
| Living situation | <.001 | .002 | |||||
| With partner | 1135 (50.4%) | 238 (21.0%) | 897 (79.0%) | 270 (23.8%) | 865 (76.2%) | ||
| Without partner | 1116 (49.6%) | 419 (37.5%) | 697 (62.5%) | 330 (29.6%) | 786 (70.4%) | ||
| Educational level | <.001 | .006 | |||||
| Tertiary | 206 (9.2%) | 43 (20.9%) | 163 (79.1%) | 41 (19.9%) | 165 (80.1%) | ||
| Secondary | 1426 (63.3%) | 397 (27.8%) | 1029 (72.2%) | 410 (28.8%) | 1016 (71.2%) | ||
| Primary or less | 619 (27.5%) | 217 (35.1%) | 402 (64.9%) | 149 (24.1%) | 470 (75.9%) | ||
| Migration background | .499 | .002 | |||||
| No | 2066 (91.8%) | 599 (29.0%) | 1467 (71.0%) | 533 (25.8%) | 1533 (74.2%) | ||
| Yes | 185 (8.2%) | 58 (31.4%) | 127 (68.6%) | 67 (36.2%) | 118 (63.8%) | ||
| Country | <.001 | <.001 | |||||
| The UK | 548 (24.3%) | 101 (18.4%) | 447 (81.6%) | 75 (13.7%) | 473 (86.3%) | ||
| Greece | 345 (15.3%) | 146 (42.3%) | 199 (57.7%) | 77 (22.3%) | 268 (77.7%) | ||
| Croatia | 495 (22.0%) | 202 (40.8%) | 293 (59.2%) | 278 (56.2%) | 217 (43.8%) | ||
| The Netherlands | 369 (16.4%) | 95 (25.7%) | 274 (74.3%) | 79 (21.4%) | 290 (78.6%) | ||
| Spain | 494 (21.9%) | 113 (22.9%) | 381 (77.1%) | 91 (18.4%) | 403 (81.6%) |