Fig. 2

The navigation performance of non-egocentric (n = 37) and egocentric group (n = 24) in the 9th learning trial and probe trial. a. Only the non-egocentric strategy users navigated significantly more slowly in the probe trial than in the 9th learning trial. b. Only the non-egocentric strategy users performed more rotations in the probe trial than in the 9th learning trial. c. Non-egocentric strategy users navigated using more detours in the probe trial than in the 9th learning trial. d. The percentage of successful people in the non-egocentric group drops significantly from the 9th learning trial to the probe trial. ^*p < .05, ^***p < .001