Fig. 1From: Effects of hearing impairment and hearing aid use on the incidence of cognitive impairment among community-dwelling older adults: evidence from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA)Flow chart showing the patient inclusion and exclusion processes and propensity-score matching criteria. CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression; IADL, instrumental activities of daily living scale; SPMSQ, short portable mental status questionnaireBack to article page