Table 2 Adjusted associations with the rate of falls among home care clients in HNHB health region, Jan 1 – Mar 31, 2018 (n = 10,586)
IRR | 95% CI | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic Characteristics | |||
Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Female | 0.83 | 0.78, 0.89 | < 0.001 |
Age | |||
< 60 (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
60–69 | 0.88 | 0.77, 1.00 | 0.054 |
70–79 | 0.71 | 0.63, 0.81 | < 0.001 |
80–89 | 0.70 | 0.61, 0.79 | < 0.001 |
90–99 | 0.70 | 0.61, 0.80 | < 0.001 |
≥ 100 | 0.57 | 0.37, 0.88 | 0.011 |
Marital Status | |||
Never Married | 0.94 | 0.83, 1.06 | 0.277 |
Married (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Widowed | 0.98 | 0.91, 1.05 | 0.520 |
Separated | 1.25 | 1.05, 1.49 | 0.012 |
Divorced | 1.06 | 0.95, 1.19 | 0.283 |
Other | 1.21 | 0.97, 1.51 | 0.096 |
Functional Characteristics | |||
Cognitive Skills for Daily Decision-Making | |||
Independent (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Modified Independence | 1.14 | 1.05, 1.23 | 0.001 |
Minimally Impaired | 1.28 | 1.18, 1.40 | < 0.001 |
Moderately Impaired | 1.38 | 1.24, 1.54 | < 0.001 |
Severely Impaired | 1.19 | 1.04, 1.37 | 0.013 |
Activities of Daily Living Decline | 1.59 | 1.49, 1.69 | < 0.001 |
Primary Modes of Locomotion (Indoors) | |||
No Assistive Device (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Cane | 1.42 | 1.28, 1.59 | < 0.001 |
Walker/Crutch | 1.50 | 1.37, 1.63 | < 0.001 |
Scooter | 2.26 | 1.42, 3.71 | < 0.001 |
Wheelchair | 1.35 | 1.21, 1.51 | < 0.001 |
Activity Did Not Occur | 1.06 | 0.83, 1.37 | 0.626 |
Stair Climbing | |||
Up and Down Stairs No Help (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Up and Down Stairs with Help | 1.22 | 1.10, 1.34 | < 0.001 |
Not Go Up and Down Stairs | 1.22 | 1.11, 1.33 | < 0.001 |
Polypharmacy and Health Conditions | |||
Drugs | |||
0–2 (Reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
3–4 | 1.21 | 1.03, 1.43 | 0.022 |
5–7 | 1.11 | 0.96, 1.29 | 0.153 |
≥ 8 | 1.21 | 1.05, 1.39 | 0.007 |
Stroke | 0.91 | 0.84, 0.98 | 0.013 |
Congestive Heart Failure | 0.86 | 0.78, 0.94 | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 0.99 | 0.93, 1.06 | 0.840 |
Irregular Pulse | 1.00 | 0.92, 1.08 | 0.944 |
Peripheral Vascular Disease | 0.96 | 0.87, 1.07 | 0.489 |
Chest Pain/Pressure at Rest or on Exertion | 1.11 | 0.97, 1.28 | 0.139 |
Dizziness or Lightheadedness | 1.43 | 1.33, 1.52 | < 0.001 |
Edema | 1.01 | 0.94, 1.07 | 0.854 |
Shortness of Breath | 0.92 | 0.86, 0.98 | 0.013 |
Alzheimer’s | 0.80 | 0.70, 0.92 | 0.001 |
Dementia | 1.02 | 0.94, 1.11 | 0.642 |
Multiple Sclerosis | 1.09 | 0.86, 1.38 | 0.485 |
Parkinsonism | 1.46 | 1.28, 1.67 | < 0.001 |
Arthritis | 1.04 | 0.98, 1.11 | 0.189 |
Hip Fracture | 1.13 | 0.98, 1.29 | 0.084 |