Table 2 Correlates of probable dementia, based on bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression
N | Percent | OR (95%CI) | P-Value | AOR (95% CI) | P-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic factors | ||||||
Age (years) | 400 | 0.99 (0.99–0.99) | <0.001 | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | <0.001 | |
Male (vs. female) | 162 | 26 | 0.91 (0.58–1.44) | 0.69 | ||
Formal education (yes/no) | 220 | 20 | 0.43 (0.27–0.67) | < 0.001 | 0.68 (0.49–0.96) | 0.03 |
Christian (vs. Muslim) | 343 | 28 | 1.27 (0.67–2.51) | 0.44 | ||
Religiously active (yes/no) | 183 | 19 | 0.45 (0.28–0.71) | <0.001 | 0.63 (0.38–1.05) | 0.08 |
Household cooking done with firewood (vs. charcoal) | 390 | 27 | 0.67 (0.14–3.21) | 0.89 | ||
Adequate ventilation of kitchen (yes/no) | 329 | 24 | 0.47 (0.27–0.81) | 0.01 | 0.43 (0.24–0.77) | 0.004 |
Vascular factors | ||||||
Hypertension (yes/no) | 125 | 32 | 1.43 (0.90–2.28) | 0.13 | ||
Cerebrovascular accident (yes/no) | 17 | 35 | 1.50 (0.54–4.17) | 0.43 | ||
Diabetes mellitus (yes/no) | 38 | 21 | 0.71 (0.31–1.59) | 0.40 | ||
Behavioral factors | ||||||
High-fat diet during middle age (yes/no) | 209 | 28 | 1.08 (0.70–1.69) | 0.72 | ||
Physically active (yes/no) | 246 | 19 | 0.34 (0.22–0.54) | <0.001 | 0.44 (0.27–0.72) | 0.001 |
Cigarette smoking (yes/no) | 183 | 27 | 1.03 (0.66–1.60) | 0.89 | ||
Alcohol use (yes/no) | 233 | 26 | 0.90 (0.57–1.40) | 0.64 | ||
Infectious factors | ||||||
Human immunodeficiency virus (yes/no) | 7 | 43 | 2.06 (0.45–9.35) | 0.60* | ||
Meningitis (yes/no) | 12 | 33 | 1.38 (0.41–4.68) | 0.60 | ||
Cerebral malaria (yes/no) | 28 | 32 | 1.31 (0.57–2.98) | 0.53 | ||
Syphilis (yes/no) | 66 | 24 | 0.84 (0.46–1.55) | 0.58 | ||
Tuberculosis (yes/no) | 15 | 40 | 1.85 (0.64–5.33) | 0.25 | ||
Other factors | ||||||
Traumatic head injury (yes/no) | 27 | 30 | 1.15 (0.49–2.71) | 0.75 | ||
Limb paralysis (yes/no) | 204 | 26 | 0.90 (0.58–1.40) | 0.64 | ||
Epilepsy (yes/no) | 9 | 56 | 3.50 (0.93–13.3) | 0.12* | ||
Thyroid condition (yes/no) | 14 | 21 | 0.73 (0.20–2.67) | 0.86 | ||
Family history of dementia (yes/no) | 80 | 20 | 0.62 (0.34–1.13) | 0.11 | ||