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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analysis for variables significantly associated with postoperative delirium

From: Incidence of and risk factors for postoperative delirium in older adult patients undergoing noncardiac surgery: a prospective study

Variables

n

Delirium (n = 29)

Crude RR (95% CI)

p-value

Adjusted RR (95% CI)

p-value

Pre-existing dementia, n (%)

 No

207

13 (6.3)

1

 

1

 

 Yes

42

16 (38.1)

6.07 (3.16–11.65)

< 0.001

3.95 (1.91–8.17)

< 0.001

Age ≥ 75 years, n (%)

 No

124

6 (4.8)

1

 

1

 

 Yes

125

23 (18.4)

3.80 (1.60–9.03)

0.001

2.54 (1.11–5.80)

0.027

Preoperative hematocrit <30%, n (%)

 No

214

21 (9.8)

1

 

1

 

 Yes

35

8 (22.9)

2.33 (1.12–4.84)

0.042

1.53 (0.79–2.96)

0.204

Preoperative opioids, n (%)

 No

213

18 (8.5)

1

 

1

 

 Yes

36

11 (30.6)

3.62 (1.87–7.01)

0.001

1.80 (0.83–3.91)

0.139

Preoperative benzodiazepines, n (%)

 No

212

20 (9.4)

1

 

1

 

 Yes

37

9 (24.3)

2.58 (1.27–5.22)

0.022

1.41 (0.66–3.01)

0.370

Preoperative infection, n (%)

 No

225

23 (10.2)

1

 

1

 

 Yes

24

6 (25.0)

2.45 (1.11–5.41)

0.044

1.47 (0.68–3.19)

0.329

Barthel Index score ≤ 70, n (%)

 No

198

16 (8.1)

1

 

1

 

 Yes

51

13 (25.5)

3.15 (1.62–6.13)

0.001

1.14 (0.54–2.40)

0.734

  1. A p-value < 0.05 indicates statistical significance
  2. Abbreviations: RR risk ratio, CI confidence interval