Table 3 The association between potentially inappropriate prescribing at baseline and outcomes at 12, 24 and 36-months’ follow-ups for all Māori individuals

Increased risk of all-cause hospitalisation

OR (95% CI)† p value*

≥1 PIM

0.95 (0.45, 2.02) 0.90

1.42 (0.69, 2.95) 0.34

1.10 (0.41, 2.96) 0.85

≥1 PPO

1.66 (0.83, 3.31) 0.15

1.59 (0.89, 2.83) 0.12

2.16 (0.99, 4.72) 0.06

≥1 PIM and/or PPO

1.66 (0.79, 3.46) 0.18

1.88 (1.04, 3.40) 0.04

1.69 (0.79, 3.62) 0.18

Increased risk of CVD-specific hospitalisation

OR (95% CI)† p value*

≥1 PIM

1.26 (0.60, 2.64) 0.54

1.50 (0.75, 3.00) 0.25

1.48 (0.65, 3.36) 0.35

≥1 PPO

2.86 (1.37, 5.95) 0.01

1.50 (0.85, 2.66) 0.16

1.45 (0.77, 2.72) 0.25

≥1 PIM and/or PPO

2.98 (1.34, 6.64) 0.01

1.52 (0.85, 2.75) 0.16

1.18 (0.62, 2.24) 0.61

Increased risk of ambulatory sensitive hospitalisation

OR (95% CI)† p value*

≥1 PIM

1.30 (0.65, 2.58) 0.46

1.14 (0.56, 2.34) 0.72

0.92 (0.39, 2.14) 0.84

≥1 PPO

2.31 (1.22, 4.37) 0.01

1.97 (1.11, 3.51) 0.02

1.74 (0.89, 3.38) 0.10

≥1 PIM and/or PPO

2.14 (1.09, 4.19) 0.03

1.77 (0.99, 3.19) 0.06

1.37 (0.71, 2.67) 0.35

Mortality

HR (95% CI)‡ p value*

≥1 PIM

1.08 (0.39, 3.03) 0.88

1.21 (0.59, 2.45) 0.61

1.48 (0.90, 2.44) 0.12

≥1 PPO

3.44 (0.73, 16.33) 0.12

2.53 (1.08, 5.94) 0.03

2.07 (1.23, 3.48) 0.01

≥1 PIM and/or PPO

1.70 (0.36, 7.99) 0.50

2.46 (0.92, 6.55) 0.07

2.11 (1.18, 3.79) 0.01