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Table 2 Hazard ratios (95% CI) for all-cause mortality according to baseline MMSE Score

From: Association of cognitive impairment and elderly mortality: differences between two cohorts ascertained 6-years apart in China

MMSE Score

Death

Hazard Ratio(95% CI)

Model1

Model2

Model3

Model4

Model5

2002–2008

 Cognitive impairment by Education

5069 (49.9)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

 MMSE by Education

3216 (85.7)

2.88 (2.75,3.01)

1.49 (1.41,1.56)

1.44 (1.37,1.51)

1.33 (1.26,1.40)

1.32 (1.25,1.39)

 MMSE 24 to 30

3630 (45.3)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

 MMSE<24

4655 (81.8)

2.85 (2.72,2.97)

1.54 (1.47,1.62)

1.48 (1.41,1.56)

1.39 (1.32,1.46)

1.38 (1.31,1.45)

 MMSE 24 to 30

3630 (45.3)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

 MMSE 18 to 23

1685 (71.6)

2.12 (2.00,2.25)

1.38 (1.30,1.47)

1.34 (1.26,1.42)

1.29 (1.21,1.37)

1.28 (1.20,1.37)

 MMSE<18

2970 (87.4)

3.56 (3.39,3.74)

1.69 (1.60,1.79)

1.62 (1.53,1.72)

1.48 (1.40,1.58)

1.48 (1.39,1.57)

2008–2014

 Cognitive impairment by Education

4454 (47.1)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

 MMSE by Education

3711 (84.2)

2.80 (2.68,2.92)

1.53 (1.45,1.60)

1.37 (1.30,1.44)

1.29 (1.22,1.36)

1.26 (1.19,1.32)

 MMSE 24 to 30

3630 (45.3)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

 MMSE<24

4805 (79.2)

2.73 (2.61,2.86)

1.52 (1.44,1.59)

1.37 (1.30,1.44)

1.30 (1.23,1.37)

1.27 (1.20,1.34)

 MMSE 24 to 30

4409 (43.4)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

1(Reference)

 MMSE 18 to 23

1282 (66.2)

1.92 (1.80,2.05)

1.30 (1.22,1.39)

1.25 (1.17,1.34)

1.22 (1.14,1.30)

1.20 (1.12,1.28)

 MMSE<18

3523 (85.1)

3.25 (3.10,3.41)

1.65 (1.56,1.74)

1.46 (1.38,1.55)

1.36 (1.28,1.45)

1.32 (1.25,1.41)

  1. Note: The values of cognitive impairment are n and mortality rate in brackets(%); CI confidence interval, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, ADL activities of daily living. Cognitive impairment by Education: < 18 was used to define cognitive impairment for participants who didn’t receive any formal education, < 21 for participants who received 6 years of education or less, and < 25 for participants who received more than 6 years of education
  2. *Hazard ratio (95% CI) was calculated from Cox models
  3. Model1: Unadjusted
  4. Model2: Age + sex
  5. Model3: Model2 + Marry+Living alone+Educational level + Exercise+Smoke+Drink
  6. Model4: Model3 + ADL + Depression
  7. Model5: Model4 + Medical service + Economic status