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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants according to MMSE scores

From: Association of cognitive impairment and elderly mortality: differences between two cohorts ascertained 6-years apart in China

Characteristic

2002–2008

2008–2014

MMSE ≥ 24

18 ≤ MMSE<24

0<MMSE<18

N(%)

P value

MMSE ≥ 24

18 ≤ MMSE<24

0<MMSE<18

N(%)

P value

Age

81.60 (10.7)

90.11 (9.8)

95.76 (7.9)

86.52 (11.6)

<.001

82.17 (10.6)

89.75 (9.1)

95.44 (7.9)

87.22 (11.3)

<.001

Survival status

    

<.001

    

<.001

 Died

3630 (44.7)

1685 (71.0)

2970 (87.2)

8285 (59.6)

 

3360 (43.3)

1282 (66.2)

3523 (84.5)

8165 (58.9)

 

 Censored

4497 (55.3)

689 (29.0)

435 (12.7)

5621 (40.4)

 

4409 (56.8)

654 (33.8)

645 (15.5)

5708 (41.1)

 

Sex

    

<.001

    

<.001

 Male

4196 (51.6)

796 (33.5)

937 (27.5)

5929 (42.6)

 

4096 (52.7)

696 (36.0)

1112 (26.7)

5904 (42.6)

 

 Female

3931 (48.4)

1578 (66.5)

2468 (72.5)

7977 (57.3)

 

3673 (47.3)

1240 (64.1)

3056 (73.3)

7969 (57.4)

 

Education level

    

<.001

    

<.001

 No formal education

1569 (19.3)

175 (7.4)

204 (6.0)

1948 (14.0)

 

1723 (22.2)

145 (7.5)

213 (5.1)

2081 (15.0)

 

 1–6 years

2336 (28.7)

475 (20.0)

488 (14.3)

3299 (23.7)

 

2116 (27.2)

357 (18.4)

496 (11.9)

2969 (21.4)

 

 Above 7 years

4222 (52.0)

1724 (72.6)

2713 (79.7)

8659 (62.3)

 

3930 (50.6)

1434 (74.1)

3459 (83.0)

8823 (63.6)

 

In marriage

4616 (56.8)

1893 (79.7)

3064 (90.0)

9573 (68.8)

<.001

4422 (56.9)

1499 (77.4)

3695 (88.7)

9616 (69.3)

<.001

Living alone

1350 (16.6)

471 (19.8)

609 (17.9)

2430 (17.5)

<.001

515 (6.6)

333 (17.2)

2404 (57.7)

3252 (23.4)

<.001

Current smoking

11,323 (22.1)

402 (16.9)

382 (11.2)

2583 (18.6)

<.001

1740 (22.4)

270 (14.0)

455 (10.9)

2465 (17.8)

<.001

Current drinking

1976 (24.0)

454 (19.0)

499 (15.0)

2929 (21.0)

<.001

1622 (21.0)

307 (16.0)

531 (13.0)

2460 (18.0)

<.001

Exercise

4821 (59.3)

1809 (76.2)

2904 (85.3)

9534 (68.6)

<.001

5015 (64.6)

1488 (76.9)

3611 (86.6)

10,114 (72.9)

<.001

ADL impaired

6899 (84.9)

1517 (63.9)

1338 (39.3)

9754 (70.1)

<.001

7224 (93.0)

1545 (79.8)

2193 (52.6)

10,962 (79.0)

<.001

Depression

1941 (23.9)

878 (37.0)

923 (27.1)

3742 (26.9)

<.001

2125 (27.4)

749 (38.7)

1064 (25.5)

3938 (28.4)

<.001

Adequate medical

1916 (7.0)

232 (10.2)

214 (6.2)

2362 (17.4)

<.001

1744 (22.3)

163 (8.2)

298 (7.4)

2205 (16.3)

<.001

Having pension

2030 (25.2)

256 (11.3)

251 (7.1)

2537 (18.4)

<.001

1676 (22.4)

153 (8.5)

276 (7.3)

2105 (15.2)

<.001

Adequate funds

7479 (92.1)

2064 (87.3)

2749 (81.2)

12,292 (88.1)

<.001

7290 (94.4)

1766 (91.3)

3759 (90.1)

12,815 (92.3)

<.001

Self-reported economic status

    

<.001

    

<.001

Rich

1604 (20.3)

366 (15.3)

409 (12.2)

2379 (17.3)

 

1151 (15.3)

233 (12.1)

441 (11.4)

1825 (13.1)

 

Common

6361 (78.0)

1907 (80.2)

2808 (80.3)

11,076 (80.0)

 

6419 (82.7)

1634 (84.2)

3500 (83.6)

11,553 (83.2)

 

Poor

162 (1.7)

101 (4.5)

188 (7.5)

451 (2.7)

 

199 (2.0)

69 (3.7)

227 (5.0)

495 (3.7)

 
  1. Note: Values are n (%) unless otherwise noted; MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, ADL activities of daily living
  2. P value for 2002–2008 and 2008–2014, respectively
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BMC Geriatrics

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