Influences of service characteristics and older people’s attributes on outcomes from direct payments

BMC Geriatrics

Table 2 Sample characteristics

Variable	n	Sample all	Moderate dependency	Moderate-high dependency	High dependency	Highest dependency
n		81	10	13	32	26
(%)		100	12	16	39	44
*Socio-economic characteristics*
		%	%	%	%	%
Age (years)
< 70	25	31	80	24	28	40
70–85	40	49	20	12	45	23
85+	16	20	–	25	31	44
Gender
Male	30	37	50	38	22	50
Female	51	63	50	61	78	50
Lives alone	38	48	50	57	53	31
Cognitive impairment⁺	24	41	40	15	34	65
Interviewed by proxy	23	28	30	23	22	38
Unpaid carer helps to manage DP	53	73	50	57	75	88
Ethnicity: BME	17	22	30	23	22	19
Care package values
Hourly DP rate (£)	81	9.46	7.65	11.04	8.06	11.12
Weekly allocation (hours)	81	20	20	11	19	30
Weekly care package value (£)	81	189	153	121	153	333
Unpaid care (hours)	70	33	19	26	30	45
Care suppliers
Unpaid carer	70	86	70	85	87	92
Personal assistant(s)	64	86	100	82	80	84
Home care agency	18	22	–	31	25	23
Privately funded care	20	25	–	31	21	35
Level of met needs
Food and nutrition	79	93	90	100	92	90
Personal care	79	92	90	100	93	85
Safety	79	76	90	77	70	65
Social participation	79	70	80	62	60	77
Control over daily living	79	83	80	84	93	73
Home environment	79	85	100	77	83	80
Social and leisure	79	65	70	62	66	61
Other outcomes
Feels confident in the event of an emergency	81	71	70	85	56	73
Feels more confident in event of an emergency than when using standard services	48	95	100	100	85	95
Hospitalized unexpectedly in previous 12 months	81	40	30	38	50	42

ISSN: 1471-2318