Age group, years | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
All N = 533 | < 65 N = 117 | 65–84 N = 227 | ≥ 85 N = 189 | p | |
Demographics & Living Arrangements | |||||
Age, mean/SD years | 75.0/17.5 | 47.0/13.3 | 77.1/5.4 | 89.7/3.6 | < 0.0001 |
Female | 315 (59) | 63 (54) | 130 (57) | 122 (65) | 0.14 |
Living in own home | 453 (86) | 113 (97) | 197 (88) | 143 (78) | < 0.0001 |
Living alone | 212 (40) | 31 (27) | 85 (38) | 96 (51) | < 0.0001 |
Any care (formal, informal, or care home) | 283 (54) | 17 (15) | 125 (55) | 141 (77) | < 0.0001 |
Informal care (family, friends) | 173 (32) | 11 (9) | 82 (36) | 80 (42) | < 0.0001 |
Care package in own home | 126 (24) | 8 (7) | 55 (24) | 63 (33) | < 0.0001 |
Care home or supported living | 71 (13) | 3 (3) | 27 (12) | 41 (22) | < 0.0001 |
Referrer and transport | |||||
GP | 443 (83) | 106 (91) | 185 (81) | 152 (80) | 0.01 |
Paramedic | 55 (10) | 3 (3) | 24 (11) | 28 (15) | |
Other | 35 (7) | 8 (7) | 16 (7) | 9 (5) | |
Dedicated EMU transport required | 261 (49) | 17 (15) | 115 (51) | 129 (68) | < 0.0001 |
Co-morbidities | |||||
Charlson Comorbidity Index > 3 | 395 (74) | 18 (15) | 190 (84) | 187 (99) | < 0.0001 |
Medications > 7 | 243 (46) | 26 (22) | 129 (57) | 88 (47) | < 0.0001 |
Functional status | |||||
Barthel Index < 20 | 299 (56) | 16 (14) | 135 (59) | 148 (78) | < 0.0001 |
Premorbid modified Rankin Scale > 2 | 193 (36) | 7 (6) | 91 (40) | 95 (50) | < 0.0001 |
History of falls | 143 (27) | 2 (2) | 60 (26) | 81 (43) | < 0.0001 |
Visual impairment | 65 (12) | 2 (2) | 29 (13) | 34 (18) | < 0.0001 |
Hearing impairment | 85 (16) | 4 (3) | 27 (12) | 54 (29) | < 0.0001 |
Urinary incontinencea | 91 (17) | 6 (5) | 35 (15) | 50 (26) | < 0.0001 |
Faecal incontinence or stoma | 42 (8) | 3 (3) | 24 (11) | 15 (8) | 0.03 |
Cognitive status | |||||
Diagnosis of dementia | 75 (14) | 0 (0) | 35 (15) | 40 (21) | < 0.0001 |
Nutrition | |||||
Poor nutritional status (MUST > 0) | 105 (20) | 9 (8) | 50 (22) | 46 (24) | < 0.0001 |
Patient’s perception of any weight loss | 189 (35) | 6 (5) | 49 (22) | 42 (22) | < 0.0001 |
Other Frailty markers | |||||
Pressure sore risk (Braden Score < 19) | 180 (34) | 3 (3) | 84 (38) | 93 (50) | < 0.0001 |
Clinical impression of frailty | 246 (46) | 12 (10) | 104 (46) | 130 (70) | < 0.0001 |