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Table 3 BPSD-score, BPSD-caregivers´ distress, functional capacity and QoL results at baseline

From: Physical exercise for individuals with dementia: potential benefits perceived by formal caregivers

 

Exercise Group

(n = 4 about 38 IwD)

Control Group

(n = 5 about 26 IwD)

pa

BPSD – Score (points)

 Delusions

0.97 ± 1.92

1.15 ± 2.75

0.759

 Hallucinations

0.61 ± 1.48

1.31 ± 3.37

0.259

 Agitation

1.79 ± 3.01

2.35 ± 3.07

0.473

 Dysphoria

1.11 ± 2.04

1.54 ± 2.67

0.465

 Anxiety

1.89 ± 2.72

2.58 ± 3.08

0.354

 Euphoria

0.84 ± 2.39

1.81 ± 3.64

0.205

 Apathy

1.39 ± 2.33

1.27 ± 2.55

0.839

 Disinhibition

1.37 ± 2.73

2.42 ± 4.09

0.220

 Irritability

1.82 ± 3.27

2.31 ± 3.67

0.576

 Aberrant motor activity

1.45 ± 2.71

1.04 ± 2.46

0.540

 Night behavioral disturbances

1.13 ± 2.22

1.38 ± 2.77

0.687

 Appetite/eating abnormalities

1.55 ± 3.00

2.35 ± 3.81

0.355

 NPI Total

15.92 ± 18.42

21.5 ± 26.66

0.325

BPSD – Caregivers´ Distress (points)

 Delusions

0.82 ± 1.31

0.77 ± 1.37

0.890

 Hallucinations

0.53 ± 1.03

0.73 ± 1.37

0.499

 Agitation

1.11 ± 1.71

1.38 ± 1.58

0.510

 Dysphoria

0.82 ± 1.41

1.12 ± 1.58

0.430

 Anxiety

1.11 ± 1.39

1.5 ± 1.48

0.281

 Euphoria

0.47 ± 1.06

0.92 ± 1.44

0.155

 Apathy

0.79 ± 1.21

0.96 ± 1.46

0.609

 Disinhibition

0.79 ± 1.28

1.04 ± 1.58

0.490

 Irritability

0.97 ± 1.46

1.19 ± 1.47

0.560

 Aberrant motor activity

0.87 ± 1.19

0.65 ± 1.26

0.492

 Night behavioral disturbances

0.68 ± 1.30

0.88 ± 1.48

0.568

 Appetite/eating abnormalities

0.89 ± 1.52

1.23 ± 1.75

0.417

 NPI Total - Distress

8.87 ± 10.01

11.19 ± 14.13

0.444

Functional Capacity (points)

 Bathing

1.74 ± 0.89

1.81 ± 0.75

0.740

 Dressing

2.00 ± 1.09

1.88 ± 1.07

0.677

 Toileting

2.47 ± 0.80

2.00 ± 1.20

0.062

 Transferring

2.53 ± 0.80

2.08 ± 1.13

0.066

 Incontinence

2.61 ± 0.82

2.12 ± 0.91

0.029*

 Feeding

2.71 ± 0.87

2.19 ± 1.39

0.070

 Total Katz

14.11 ± 3.90

12.00 ± 4.95

0.062

Quality of Life (points)

Total QoL-AD (points)

24.13 ± 5.07

22.27 ± 5.30

0.162

  1. a Student’s t-test; * p ≤ 0.05