Table 1 Characteristics of the older adults according to sarcopenia
Variables | Sarcopenic (n = 25) | Non-sarcopenic (n = 386) | p* Value | Total sample (n = 411) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 77.04 ± 8.99 | 69.69 ± 6.90 | < 0.001 | 70.15 ± 7.25 |
Sex | ||||
Male | 10 (40) | 128 (33.2) | 0.483 | 138 (33.6) |
Female | 15 (60) | 258 (66.8) | 273 (66.4) | |
Height (m) | 1.51 (1.46–1.58) | 1.54 (1.48–1.60) | 0.244 | 1.52 (1.48–1.60) |
Weight (kg) | 50.28 ± 7.96 | 67.86 ± 12.86 | < 0.001 | 66.79 ± 12.29 |
Schooling (years) | 3 (1.5–7) | 5 (2–10) | 0.202 | 4 (2–10) |
Income | ||||
None | 1 (4) | 43 (11.1) | 0.311 | 44 (10.7) |
1 minimum wage or less | 15 (60) | 178 (46.1) | 193 (47) | |
2 minimum wages or more | 9 (36) | 165 (42.7) | 174 (42.3) | |
Health perception | ||||
Positive | 8 (32) | 116 (30.1) | 0.844 | 124 (30.2) |
Negative | 17 (68) | 269 (69.9) | 286 (69.8) | |
MMI (kg/m2) | 7.17 ± 1.56 | 9.02 ± 1.70 | < 0.001 | 8.91 ± 1.74 |
HGS (kgf) | 16.52 ± 4.73 | 25.18 ± 8.96 | < 0.001 | 24.65 ± 9.01 |
Number of diseases | 4 (3–7) | 5 (3–7) | 0.803 | 5 (3–7) |
Number of medications | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–3) | 0.534 | 1 (0–3) |
Falls in the last year | ||||
Yes | 2 (8) | 81 (21) | 0.117 | 83 (20.2) |
No | 23 (92) | 305 (79) | 328 (79.8) | |
Hospitalization in the last year | ||||
Yes | 5 (20) | 53 (13.7) | 0.485 | 58 (14.1) |
No | 20 (80) | 333 (86.3) | 353 (85.9) | |
Smoking habit | ||||
Yes | 4 (16) | 35 (9.1) | 0.289 | 39 (9.5) |
No | 21 (84) | 351 (90.9) | 372 (90.5) | |
Physical activity | ||||
Sufficiently active | 9 (36) | 209 (54.1) | 0.078 | 218 (53) |
Insufficiently active | 16 (64) | 177 (45.9) | 193 (47) | |
Dependence (Katz Scale) | ||||
Yes | 2 (8) | 28 (7.3) | 0.891 | 30 (7.3) |
No | 23 (92) | 358 (92.7) | 381 (92.7) | |
Dependence (Lawton and Brody Scale) | ||||
Yes | 20 (80) | 266 (68.9) | 0.243 | 286 (69.6) |
No | 5 (20) | 120 (31.1) | 125 (30.4) | |
Body mass index (BMI) | 21.69 ± 2.12 | 28.53 ± 4.81 | < 0.001 | 28.11 ± 4.97 |
Calf circumference (CC) | 29.57 ± 2.64 | 33.45 ± 3.81 | < 0.001 | 33.22 ± 3.86 |
Arm circumference (AC) | 24.10 ± 2.29 | 29.51 ± 3.70 | < 0.001 | 29.18 ± 3.85 |
Waist circumference (WC) | 90 (79.75–96) | 98 (90–105) | < 0.001 | 97 (90–105) |