Table 1 Sample characteristics
Without cognitive deficits | With cognitive deficits without ADRD | With ADRD | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NL white (N = 39,767) | NL Black (N = 7974) | p value | NL Asian (N = 2551) | p value | Latino (N = 6765) | p value | NL white (N = 5947) | NL Black (N = 1933) | p value | NL Asian (N = 523) | p value | Latino (N = 1685) | p value | NL white (N = 2028) | NL Black (N = 693) | p value | NL Asian (N = 120) | p value | Latino (N = 579) | p value | |
Age (years) | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | * | |||||||||||||
65–69 | 29.54 | 35.72 | 34.02 | 35.65 | 18.00 | 24.08 | 18.60 | 23.59 | 5.11 | 5.92 | 5.93 | 5.94 | |||||||||
70–74 | 26.37 | 27.42 | 27.42 | 28.74 | 17.54 | 21.65 | 20.93 | 21.46 | 9.42 | 13.02 | 5.93 | 14.86 | |||||||||
75–79 | 20.78 | 18.53 | 19.70 | 19.65 | 19.90 | 18.70 | 22.29 | 22.31 | 15.04 | 19.53 | 19.49 | 17.66 | |||||||||
80–84 | 14.15 | 11.63 | 11.02 | 10.11 | 20.62 | 16.70 | 18.41 | 15.50 | 25.87 | 21.15 | 30.51 | 27.62 | |||||||||
> = 84 | 9.16 | 6.70 | 7.84 | 5.84 | 23.93 | 18.86 | 19.77 | 17.14 | 44.56 | 40.38 | 38.14 | 33.92 | |||||||||
Female | 57.08 | 63.19 | *** | 56.47 | 58.29 | 60.42 | 66.39 | ** | 60.47 | 67.96 | *** | 67.34 | 72.93 | ** | 73.73 | * | 65.21 | ||||
Married | 3.19 | 6.89 | *** | 3.62 | 5.83 | *** | 4.78 | 8.96 | *** | 5.04 | 7.54 | ** | 3.04 | 5.33 | 6.78 | 7.34 | *** | ||||
Education | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||||||||||||
Less than high school degree | 16.18 | 29.04 | 30.48 | 54.23 | 27.33 | 41.99 | 41.67 | 65.29 | 27.59 | 42.75 | 58.47 | 67.83 | |||||||||
High school degree | 42.73 | 43.70 | 25.55 | 24.95 | 42.30 | 37.04 | 23.45 | 18.12 | 43.04 | 37.57 | 17.80 | 14.69 | |||||||||
Some college or more than college degree | 36.22 | 19.95 | 33.03 | 12.62 | 24.51 | 11.85 | 21.71 | 8.09 | 21.92 | 9.32 | 11.02 | 5.59 | |||||||||
Family income | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | *** | ||||||||||||
0–99% FPL | 9.92 | 24.77 | 12.97 | 24.68 | 16.91 | 37.04 | 20.35 | 33.31 | 17.47 | 32.69 | 23.73 | 41.78 | |||||||||
100–124% FPL | 5.33 | 9.69 | 6.45 | 10.23 | 9.28 | 13.65 | 8.53 | 14.29 | 10.28 | 11.69 | 5.93 | 13.81 | |||||||||
125–199% FPL | 16.13 | 20.58 | 14.60 | 22.08 | 21.68 | 22.34 | 20.35 | 24.13 | 23.24 | 24.41 | 18.64 | 20.80 | |||||||||
200–399% FPL | 30.69 | 27.47 | 28.09 | 27.77 | 29.83 | 19.81 | 25.58 | 21.52 | 26.99 | 21.89 | 30.51 | 19.76 | |||||||||
> = 400% FPL | 37.93 | 17.48 | 37.88 | 15.23 | 22.31 | 7.17 | 25.19 | 6.75 | 22.03 | 9.32 | 21.19 | 3.85 | |||||||||
Family size | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | * | *** | ||||||||||||
1 | 32.60 | 38.19 | 17.63 | 26.10 | 43.97 | 47.00 | 31.01 | 34.29 | 45.11 | 38.02 | 39.83 | 34.79 | |||||||||
2 | 57.08 | 36.65 | 46.88 | 43.23 | 39.60 | 29.29 | 34.69 | 33.80 | 37.06 | 28.70 | 30.51 | 33.39 | |||||||||
3 | 5.56 | 11.72 | 11.14 | 12.80 | 6.76 | 9.69 | 11.05 | 11.73 | 5.72 | 12.57 | 5.93 | 11.01 | |||||||||
4+ | 2.42 | 9.21 | 19.66 | 14.76 | 4.53 | 8.64 | 19.57 | 16.60 | 3.90 | 9.91 | 14.41 | 13.46 | |||||||||
Additional health insurance | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ** | *** | ||||||||||||
Private insurance | 38.12 | 61.42 | 60.80 | 77.57 | 50.26 | 77.92 | 74.61 | 89.36 | 51.09 | 80.77 | 68.64 | 91.96 | |||||||||
Medicaid | 8.47 | 24.49 | 30.04 | 35.76 | 20.67 | 46.79 | 52.52 | 60.91 | 22.33 | 51.04 | 54.24 | 68.18 | |||||||||
US census region | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ||||||||||||
Northeast | 18.86 | 17.25 | 13.29 | 14.51 | 17.66 | 16.49 | 12.79 | 16.05 | 19.19 | 14.35 | 14.41 | 15.03 | |||||||||
Midwest | 26.48 | 17.64 | 6.21 | 5.51 | 23.98 | 15.91 | 6.78 | 3.65 | 23.95 | 18.20 | 2.54 | 2.10 | |||||||||
South | 34.91 | 57.90 | 13.29 | 42.05 | 37.53 | 59.59 | 10.08 | 40.49 | 35.49 | 57.1 | 17.80 | 52.62 | |||||||||
West | 19.76 | 7.21 | 67.21 | 37.93 | 20.82 | 8.01 | 70.35 | 39.82 | 21.37 | 10.36 | 65.25 | 30.24 | |||||||||
Medical conditions | |||||||||||||||||||||
Myocardial infarction | 6.15 | 5.26 | *** | 4.18 | *** | 5.52 | * | 10.74 | 11.59 | 7.75 | ** | 8.88 | 7.90 | 11.24 | * | 9.32 | 6.12 | ||||
Congestive heart failure | 4.21 | 4.02 | 2.39 | *** | 2.46 | *** | 9.17 | 8.69 | 5.04 | ** | 5.59 | *** | 8.96 | 9.91 | 6.78 | 6.12 | |||||
Diabetes | 17.43 | 33.18 | *** | 25.47 | *** | 33.66 | *** | 27.61 | 41.94 | *** | 33.33 | 44.44 | *** | 20.81 | 35.80 | *** | 27.12 | * | 40.21 | *** | |
Hypertension | 55.24 | 76.02 | *** | 64.82 | *** | 63.32 | *** | 60.85 | 78.71 | *** | 70.54 | 69.12 | *** | 56.76 | 76.78 | *** | 75.42 | ** | 68.36 | *** | |
Renal disease | 0.60 | 1.38 | *** | 0.48 | 0.53 | *** | 1.69 | 3.11 | * | 2.33 | 1.34 | 1.16 | 1.92 | 0.00 | 1.05 | ||||||
Caner | 14.86 | 7.23 | *** | 4.97 | *** | 5.89 | *** | 16.38 | 8.75 | *** | 3.29 | *** | 6.87 | *** | 12.15 | 9.17 | 1.69 | ** | 8.22 | * | |
Mental disease | 15.45 | 8.88 | *** | 5.09 | *** | 13.60 | *** | 36.35 | 21.18 | *** | 18.99 | *** | 32.77 | 32.56 | 21.75 | *** | 16.1 | *** | 31.64 | ||
Any limitations | 53.34 | 53.14 | 33.59 | *** | 46.34 | *** | 94.23 | 95.15 | 90.31 | ** | 93.37 | 93.52 | 96.45 | 94.92 | 95.45 | ||||||
Physical limitations | 37.24 | 41.46 | *** | 20.10 | *** | 31.85 | *** | 84.66 | 87.04 | 80.04 | *** | 83.77 | 77.97 | 81.80 | 81.36 | 81.99 | |||||
Proxy respondent | 98.97 | 98.56 | ** | 98.17 | *** | 99.17 | * | 91.44 | 92.99 | 93.99 | 94.71 | *** | 76.66 | 84.02 | ** | 78.81 | 89.34 | *** | |||