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Table 1 Analysis of the sociodemographic characteristics, pharmacies areas, number of medications consumed and reading information leaflet of community pharmacy clients and its relationship with medicacion literacy. (a) Analysis of adequate or inadequate medication literacy (b) Analysis of correct answers in MedLiTRxSE tool

From: Age and education as factors associated with medication literacy: a community pharmacy perspective

 

Total

N = 400, n (%)

(a) Medication Literacy

P1

(b) Medication Literacy

P3

P4

Adequate

N = 136, n (%)

Inadequate

N = 264, n (%)

Total

P2

Documental

Numerical

Gender

 Male

136 (34 .0)

57 (41.9)

79 (58.1)

0.019a

10.72 ± 3.52*

0.075

7.42 ± 2.59

3.31 ± 1.08

0.008

0.268

 Female

264 (66.0)

79 (29.9)

185 (70.1)

 

10.08 ± 3.34

 

6.88 ± 2.46

3.23 ± 1.09

  

Age intervals, years

  < 35

99 (24.8)

54 (54.5)

45 (45.5)

 

12.28 ± 1.58

 

8.5 2 ± 1.30

3.77 ± 0.51

  

 35–50

115 (28.7)

52 (45.2)

63 (54.8)

< 0.001b

11.50 ± 2.33

< 0.001

7.89 ± 1.87

3.61 ± 0.66

< 0.001

< 0.001

 51–65

102 (25.5)

24 (23.5)

78 (76.5)

 

10.00 ± 3.09

 

6.81 ± 2.31

3.19 ± 0.99

  

  > 65

84 (21.0)

6 (7.1)

78 (92.9)

 

6.68 ± 3.73

 

4.54 ± 2.66

2.14 ± 1.35

  

Education level

 Primary or no formal studies or any study

170 (42.5)

12 (7.1)

158 (92.9)

 

4.77 ± 3.42

 

2.91 ± 2.45

1.86 ± 1.17

  

 Secondary

129 (32.3)

57 (44.2)

72 (55.8)

< 0.001c

11.80 ± 1.81

< 0.001

8.10 ± 1.56

3.70 ± 0.54

< 0.001

< 0.001

 University

101 (25.2)

67 (66.3)

34 (33.7)

 

12.67 ± 1.46

 

8.79 ± 1.28

3.88 ± 0.35

  

Pharmacies areas

 Rural

164 (41.0)

64 (39.0)

100 (61.0)

0.086

10.65 ± 3.36

0.083

7.32 ± 2.45

3.33 ± 1.10

0.069

0.154

 Urban

236 (59.0)

72 (30.5)

164 (69.5)

 

10.05 ± 3.43

 

6.89 ± 2.54

3.17 ± 1.08

  

Number of medications consumed

 No medicines

151 (37.8)

74 (49.0)

77 (51.0)

< 0.001d

11.81 ± 2.17

< 0.001

8.15 ± 1.67

3.67 ± 0.68

< 0.001

< 0.001

 1–4 medicines

179 (44.7)

57 (31.8)

122 (68.2)

 

10.31 ± 3.21

 

7.06 ± 2.44

3.26 ± 0.99

  

  ≥ 5 medicines

70 (17.5)

5 (7.1)

65 (92.9)

 

6.99 ± 3.78

 

4.75 ± 2.67

2.23 ± 1.36

  

Consumption of chronic medication

 Yes

249 (44.8)

62 (24.9)

187 (75.1)

< 0.001e

6.08 ± 3.16

< 0.001

6.03 ± 2.18

2.86 ± 1.34

0.002

0.002

 Non

151 (37.7)

74 (49.0)

77 (51.0)

 

10.91 ± 2.84

 

7.56 ± 2.05

3.36 ± 1.01

  

Reading information leaflet

 Never

99 (24.8)

28 (28.3)

71 (71.7)

 

8.94 ± 4.32

 

6.08 ± 3.16

2.86 ± 1.34

  

 Sometimes

113 (28.2)

40 (35.4)

73 (64.6)

0.180

10.47 ± 3.05

0.004

7.11 ± 2.34

3.35 ± 0.88

0.002

0.002

 Always

188 (47.0)

68 (36.2)

120 (63.8)

 

10.91 ± 2.84

 

7.58 ± 2.37

3.36 ± 1.01

  
  1. N total number of individuals, n number of individuals in each study, SD standard deviation. P1. Comparisons adequate and inadequate were made by the two-sided Fisher’s exact test or Pearson’s Chi-Square test respectively. P2–4. Comparisons were made by the Mann-Whitney U test or the Kruskal-Wallis test. P-values marked in bold are statistically significant (P < 0.05). P1. P-value obtained comparing inadequate medication literacy group versus adequate medication literacy in all groups. OR. odds ratio with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%.
  2. a.OR = 0.592; 95% CI:0.385–0.910. P = 0.019 (P-value obtained comparing male versus female)
  3. b.OR = 0.312; 95% CI: 0.195–0.499. P < 0.001 (P-value obtained comparing 18–35 years’ group versus the rest of the groups
  4. c.OR = 15.403; 95% CI: 8.109–29.257. P < 0.001 (P-value obtained comparing primary level versus the rest of the groups)
  5. d.OR = 2.899; 95% CI: 1.887–4.453. P < 0.001 (P-value obtained comparing no medicines consumption versus the rest of the groups)
  6. e,OR = 0.345; 95% CI: 0.225–0.530, P < 0.001 (P-value obtained comparing consumption of chronic medication versus non consumption *All values are expressed as mean ± SD
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BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

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