Table 5 Results of hypotheses testing

H1: Physical status → the use of EPHS (−)

X (+)

O

O

H2: Mediating effect of household income on the relationship between physical status and the use of EPHS

O

O

X

H3: Mediating effect of migrating for employment on the relationship between physical status and the use of EPHS

O

O

X

H4: Mediating effect of migrating for offspring on the relationship between physical status and the use of EPHS

O

O

O

H5: Mediating effect of willingness for long-stay on the relationship between physical status and the use of EPHS

O

O

X