Table 1 Baseline characteristics of residents by level of social engagement in nursing homes in Madrid, Spaina
Characteristic | Overall | Level of social engagement | P valueb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low/null | Moderate | High | |||
No. of residents | 382 (100) | 124 (36.0) | 179 (44.2) | 79 (19.8) | |
Age (years) | 0.03 | ||||
65–74 | 61 (15.7) | 15 (13.3) | 27 (11.6) | 19 (29.4) | |
75–79 | 70 (16.4) | 21 (17.3) | 33 (15.1) | 16 (17.4) | |
80–84 | 102 (25.6) | 31 (21.2) | 50 (30.0) | 21 (24.1) | |
85–89 | 81 (23.8) | 37 (30.6) | 34 (22.8) | 10 (13.4) | |
≥ 90 | 68 (18.5) | 20 (17.6) | 35 (20.5) | 13 (15.7) | |
Sex | 0.01 | ||||
Women | 200 (74.4) | 79 (82.8) | 87 (70.9) | 34 (66.9) | |
Men | 182 (25.6) | 45 (17.2) | 92 (29.1) | 45 (33.1) | |
Educational level | 0.78 | ||||
Less than primary | 188 (45.3) | 60 (41.8) | 90 (49.0) | 38 (43.3) | |
Primary | 143 (40.2) | 49 (44.3) | 66 (36.9) | 28 (39.9) | |
Secondary or more | 51 (14.6) | 15 (13.9) | 23 (14.1) | 13 (16.8) | |
Marital status | 0.35 | ||||
Married | 68 (14.2) | 16 (11.3) | 36 (15.3) | 16 (17.1) | |
Single | 113 (33.7) | 44 (40.6) | 51 (30.9) | 18 (27.3) | |
Widowed/divorced | 201 (52.1) | 64 (48.1) | 92 (53.8) | 45 (55.5) | |
Facility ownership | 0.10 | ||||
Public/subsidized | 285 (61.4) | 89 (57.7) | 142 (68.2) | 54 (52.7) | |
Private | 97 (38.6) | 35 (42.3) | 37 (31.8) | 25 (47.3) | |
Facility size (beds) | 0.15 | ||||
< 100 | 51 (20.8) | 18 (21.8) | 22 (20.3) | 11 (20.0) | |
100–299 | 138 (37.1) | 47 (38.9) | 56 (30.6) | 35 (48.4) | |
≥ 300 | 193 (42.1) | 59 (39.3) | 101 (49.1) | 33 (31.6) | |
Length of stay (years) | 0.01 | ||||
0–1 | 117 (29.0) | 29 (22.3) | 56 (28.6) | 32 (42.2) | |
2–4 | 122 (31.9) | 40 (32.4) | 54 (29.0) | 28 (37.3) | |
≥ 5 | 143 (39.1) | 55 (45.3) | 69 (42.4) | 19 (20.4) | |
Assigned caregiver | 0.47 | ||||
Yes | 57 (13.6) | 18 (11.6) | 29 (16.1) | 10 (11.5) | |
No | 325 (86.4) | 106 (88.4) | 150 (83.9) | 69 (88.5) | |
Frequency of external visits | 0.22 | ||||
Monthly or less | 144 (33.6) | 54 (37.9) | 71 (35.0) | 19 (22.7) | |
Weekly | 168 (45.4) | 46 (39.0) | 80 (47.2) | 42 (53.0) | |
Daily | 70 (21.0) | 24 (23.2) | 28 (17.8) | 18 (24.3) | |
No. of chronic conditions | 0.27 | ||||
0–1 | 109 (30.0) | 33 (32.0) | 44 (24.6) | 32 (38.6) | |
2–3 | 174 (45.9) | 57 (42.6) | 84 (49.4) | 33 (44.1) | |
≥ 4 | 99 (24.1) | 34 (25.4) | 51 (26.0) | 14 (17.3) | |
Functional dependency | 0.08 | ||||
No | 152 (35.0) | 40 (29.7) | 69 (33.4) | 43 (48.2) | |
Mild | 128 (34.5) | 41 (33.3) | 67 (39.4) | 20 (26.0) | |
Moderate | 102 (30.5) | 43 (37.0) | 43 (27.3) | 16 (25.8) | |