Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants according to MMSE assessment
From: Association between tea consumption and cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older adults
| Â | MMSE | |
|---|---|---|
Normal (n = 3673) | Cognitive impairment (n = 195) | |
Age, years | 56.76 ± 10.54 | 67.49 ± 12.20†|
Sex, n (%) | ||
 Female | 1614 (43.94) | 59 (30.26) †|
 Male | 2059 (56.06) | 136 (69.74) |
Education | ||
 Illiteracy or primary school | 768 (20.91) | 81 (41.54) †|
 Middle school | 1891 (51.48) | 104 (53.33) |
 High school or above | 1014 (27.61) | 10 (5.13) |
Smoking, n (%) | 1444 (39.31) | 87 (44.62) |
Alcohol consumption, n (%) | 1122 (30.55) | 56 (28.72) |
Hypertension, n (%) | 1827 (49.74) | 131 (67.18) †|
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 490 (13.34) | 36 (18.46) |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 1657 (45.11) | 73 (37.44) †|
Hs-CRP, mg/L | 1.95 ± 3.03 | 2.60 ± 4.42†|
BMI | ||
 Ideal | 2026 (55.16) | 101 (51.79) |
 Intermediate | 1428 (38.88) | 81 (41.54) |
 Poor | 219 (5.96) | 13 (6.67) |
Physical activity | ||
  ≥ 80 min | 1264 (34.41) | 75 (38.46) |
 1–79 min | 1787 (48.65) | 92 (47.18) |
 0 min | 622 (16.93) | 28 (14.36) |
Salt intake | ||
  < 6 g/day | 361 (9.83) | 24 (12.31) †|
 6–10 g/day | 2158 (58.75) | 97 (49.74) |
  > 10 g/day | 1154 (31.42) | 74 (37.95) |
Tea consumption, n (%) | ||
 Never | 2269 (61.78) | 150 (76.92) †|
 Habitual | 1404 (38.22) | 45 (23.08) |
Frequency of tea consumption, n (%) | ||
 Never | 2269 (61.78) | 150 (76.92) †|
 Less than once/month | 61 (1.66) | 0 |
 1–3 times/month | 238 (6.48) | 8 (4.10) |
 1–3 times/week | 327 (8.90) | 8 (4.10) |
  ≥ 4 times/week | 778 (21.18) | 29 (14.87) |
Types of tea consumption, n (%) | ||
 Never | 2269 (61.78) | 150 (76.92) †|
 Green tea | 735 (20.01) | 18 (9.23) |
 Others | 669 (18.21) | 27 (13.85) |