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Table 2 Demographic characteristics and geriatric conditions by trajectory group

From: Longitudinal trajectory of disability in community-dwelling older adults: An observational cohort study in South Korea

Variable

Relatively-stable group (n = 617)

Gradually-aggravated group (n = 126)

Rapidly-deteriorated group (n = 43)

P value*

Demographic characteristics

 Age

   

<.001

 mean (SD)

72.1 (4.9)

76.6 (5.9)

81.1 (6.6)

Sex

   

<.001

 female no. (%)

278 (45.1%)

103 (81.8%)

33 (76.7%)

Education year

   

<.001

 mean (SD)

5.5 (3.5)

3.9 (2.1)

3.4 (1.2)

Living alone

   

0.382

 no. (%)

95 (15.4%)

19 (15.1%)

10 (23.3%)

Medical aid

   

0.001

 no. (%)

16 (2.6%)

2 (1.6%)

5 (11.6%)

Severity of disability

 Number of ADL domains, mean (SD)

  1st year

0.1 (0.2)

0.3 (0.5)

1.3 (1.7)

<.001

  3rd year

0.2 (0.4)

0.6 (0.8)

2.5 (1.8)

<.001

Number of IADL domains, mean (SD)

 1st year

0.2 (0.5)

1.7 (1.8)

4.4 (2.8)

<.001

 3rd year

0.3 (0.6)

2.6 (1.8)

7.9 (1.9)

<.001

Geriatric conditions

 Number of comorbidities, mean (SD)

  1st year

1.1 (1.0)

1.6 (1.0)

2.0 (1.2)

<.001

  3rd year

1.6 (1.1)

2.1 (1.1)

2.4 (1.2)

<.001

SPPB score, mean (SD)

 1st year

9.5 (2.2)

6.8 (2.9)

3.3 (2.4)

<.001

 3rd year

10.2 (2.0)

7.4 (3.2)

3.1 (2.2)

<.001

 MMSE-DS score, mean (SD)

 1st year

26.5 (3.4)

23.6 (4.0)

20.4 (4.7)

<.001

 3rd year

26.1 (3.3)

21.9 (5.1)

18.1 (5.0)

<.001

CES-D score, mean (SD)

 1st year

5.4 (7.0)

11.8 (11)

13.4 (12.6)

<.001

 3rd year

4.9 (6.8)

12.7 (12.5)

17.5 (12.1)

<.001

 MNA-SF score, mean (SD)

 1st year

12.3 (1.8)

11.2 (2.2)

10.6 (2.0)

<.001

 3rd year

12.5 (1.7)

11.5 (2.0)

10.5 (2.5)

<.001

 Number of regular medications, mean (SD)

 1st year

2.2 (2.4)

3.5 (2.9)

4.4 (3.8)

<.001

 3rd year

2.4 (2.3)

3.0 (2.5)

4.4 (3.8)

0.001

 FRAIL scale, mean (SD)

 1st year

0.9 (1.0)

2.1 (1.1)

2.5 (1.0)

<.001

 3rd year

1.0 (1.1)

2.2 (1.1)

2.7 (0.8)

<.001

Number of falls (for 12 months), mean (SD)

 1st year

0.1 (0.6)

0.3 (0.7)

0.8 (2.0)

0.047

 3rd year

0.3 (1.7)

1.6 (8.4)

3 (12.9)

0.097

  1. * The P value given in the table uses a chi-square test and the other variables used within the one-way ANOVA
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