Characteristic | Intervention (n = 19) | Control (n = 19) | P |
---|---|---|---|
Age | 66 (7.3) | 65 (4.0) | 0.61 |
  ≤ 69 years | 16 (84.2) | 16 (84.2) | – |
  > 69 years | 3 (15.8) | 3 (15.8) | – |
Race/ethnicity (n,%) | |||
 Non-Hispanic white | 16 (84.2) | 17 (89.4) | 1.00 |
 Hispanic | 1 (5.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
 Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.3) | |
 Prefer not to answer | 2 (10.5) | 1 (5.3) | |
Education (n,%) | |||
 Some college | 3 (15.8) | 2 (10.5) | 0.65 |
 College graduate | 4 (21.1) | 7 (36.8) | |
 Post-grad/professional | 12 (63.2) | 10 (52.6) | |
Marital Status (n,%) | |||
 Married or cohabiting | 11 (57.9) | 11 (61.1) | 1.00 |
 Living alone | 8 (42.1) | 7 (38.9) | |
Employment (n,%) | |||
 Working | 8 (42) | 9 (47.4) | 1.00 |
 Not working | 11 (58) | 10 (52.6) | |
Income (n,%) | |||
 Less than $50,000 | 5 (29.4) | 9 (56.3) | 0.17 |
 $50,000+ | 12 (70.6) | 7 (43.8) | |
Currently Practicing Yoga | |||
 Yes | 2 (10.5) | 1 (5.2) | – |
 Frequency (times/week) | 1 | 1 | – |
Pain Symptoms (BPI) | |||
 Pain interference (range: 0–10) | 4.5 (2.1) | 3.1 (2.0) | 0.054 |
 Worst pain (range: 0–10) | 5.8 (1.6) | 5.3 (1.4) | 0.29 |
 Least pain (range: 0–10) | 2.6 (1.5) | 2.0 (1.6) | 0.22 |
 Average pain (range: 0–10) | 4.2 (1.4) | 3.7 (1.5) | 0.31 |
 Current pain (range: 0–10) | 3.0 (1.8) | 2.4 (1.6) | 0.42 |
C-Reactive Protein (mg/L) | 3.5 (3.8) | 2.8 (3.8) | 0.34 |
Quality of Life (SF-36) | |||
 Physical functioning (range: 0–100) | 56.4 (20.9) | 65.8 (23.1) | 0.21 |
 Role limitations (physical) (range: 0–100) | 22.2 (35.2) | 30.3 (38.7) | 0.47 |
 Role limitations (emotional) (range: 0–100) | 55.6 (44.3) | 61.4 (38.9) | 0.71 |
 Energy/fatigue (range: 0–100) | 40.8 (20.9) | 45.0 (16.8) | 0.50 |
 Well-being (range: 0–100) | 62.1 (22.0) | 73.6 (11.3) | 0.11 |
 Social functioning (range: 0–100) | 58.6 (26.0) | 71.7 (18.6) | 0.12 |
 Pain (range: 0–100) | 45.9 (17.9) | 51.7 (11.4) | 0.34 |
 General health (range: 0–100) | 53.4 (20.2) | 60.0 (22.5) | 0.35 |
Functional Fitness (SFT) | |||
 8-ft up-and-go (s) | 5.9 (1.3) | 5.6 (0.9) | 0.54 |
 30-s arm curl (reps) | 22.4 (5.9) | 19.7 (3.8) | 0.21 |
 30-s chair stand (reps) | 16.6 (5.9) | 15.0 (3.6) | 0.58 |
 Back scratch (cm) | 10.4 (10.0) | 6.4 (12.4) | 0.28 |
 Chair sit-and-reach (cm) | −3.1 (10.6) | 0.03 (7.3) | 0.30 |
 2-min step test (steps) | 98 (26.3) | 90.3 (23.6) | 0.34 |
Resilience (BRS) | 3.2 (0.8) | 3.7 (0.8) | 0.06 |
Physical Activity (CHAMPS) | |||
 Total PA frequency (times/wk) | 19.0 (17.5) | 20.6 (9.1) | 0.28 |
 Moderate PA frequency (times/wk) | 9.0 (8.1) | 9.6 (5.8) | 0.45 |
 Total PA duration (hr/wk) | 14.8 (10.5) | 16.4 (10.0) | 0.56 |
 Moderate PA duration (hr/wk) | 7.0 (5.8) | 7.2 (6.2) | 0.84 |