Skip to main content

Table 2 Result of unconditional mean model (Model 1), unconditional growth model (Model 2) and final model (Model 3)

From: Changes in the provision of instrumental support by older adults in nine European countries during 2004—2015: a panel data analysis

 

Model 1: Unconditional mean model (nb = 34838)

Model 2: Unconditional growth model (nb = 34838)

Model 3 (nb = 34838)

Odds Ratio

(95% Confidence Interval)

Odds Ratio

(95% Confidence Interval)

Odds Ratio

(95% Confidence Interval)

Fixed effects

 Part i: For intercept

 Intercept

0.389***

(0.374,0.405)

0.526***

(0.494,0.559)

1.283

(0.993,1.659)

 Sex

  Women

    

1

 

  Men

    

0.881

(0.747,1.039)

 Baseline age

    

0.930***

(0.921,0.940)

 Sex x Baseline age

  Women x baseline age

    

1

 

  Men x baseline age

    

1.017**

(1.005,1.028)

 Education

  Low

    

1

 

  Middle

    

1.099

(0.938,1.288)

  High

    

1.271**

(1.067,1.513)

 Employment status

  Employed

    

1

 

  Retired

    

1.301***

(1.173,1.443)

  Not employed

    

1.109

(0.982,1.252)

 Region

  Southern Europe

    

0.597***

(0.454,0.784)

  Central Europe

    

1

 

  Northern Europe

    

1.373*

(1.039,1.813)

 Marital status

  With partner

    

1

 

  No partner

    

0.992

(0.822,1.197)

 Number of living children

   

0.978

(0.940,1.018)

 Self-perceived health

  Poor

    

1

 

  Good

    

1.122

(0.992,1.269)

 Household size

    

0.916***

(0.872,0.963)

 Sex x Marital status a

  Women x with partner

    

1

 

  Men x no partner

    

0.741**

(0.619,0.888)

 Region x Sex a

  Central x women

    

1

 

  South x men

    

0.692***

(0.561,0.853)

  North x men

    

1.228*

(1.017,1.484)

 Region x Education a

  Central x low

    

1

 

  South x middle

    

1.640***

(1.260,2.136)

  South x high

    

1.269

(0.897,1.795)

  North x middle

    

1.106

(0.885,1.382)

  North x high

    

0.95

(0.752,1.199)

 Region x Marital status a

  Central x with partner

    

1

 

  South x no partner

    

0.631*

(0.437,0.911)

  North x no partner

    

1.547**

(1.144,2.091)

 Region x Number of children a

  South x number of children

   

0.917*

(0.853,0.987)

  Central x number of children

   

1

 

  North x number of children

   

1.041

(0.973,1.114)

Part ii: For time slope

 Time

  

0.926***

(0.917,0.934)

0.916***

(0.893,0.940)

 Sex x Age x Time

  Women x age x time

    

0.998**

(0.997,1.000)

  Men x age x time

    

0.998***

(0.997,0.999)

 Region x Time

  South x time

    

0.975*

(0.952,0.998)

  Central x time

    

1

 

  North x time

    

0.991

(0.970,1.012)

 Education x Time

  Low x time

    

1

 

  Middle x time

    

1.011

(0.993,1.030)

  High x time

    

1.021*

(1.001,1.042)

 Self-perceived health x Time

  Poor x time

    

1

 

  Good x time

    

1.030***

(1.013,1.048)

 Marital status x Time

  With partner x time

    

1

 

  No partner x time

    

1.026*

(1.003,1.050)

 Marital status x Region x Time a

  With partner x central x time

  

1

 

  No partner x south x time

   

1.035

(0.987,1.085)

  No partner x north x time

   

0.952*

(0.916,0.990)

 Random Effect

  Intercept

1.719

(1.592,1.857)

2.873

(2.517,3.279)

2.26

(1.954,2.613)

  Time slope

  

0.023

(0.019,0.028)

0.021

(0.017,0.026)

  Covariance

  

−0.119

(−0.154,-0.083)

− 0132

(−0.166,-0.099)

Intraclass correlation

0.343

 

0.466

 

0.407

 
  1. * p value < 0.05, ** p value < 0.01, ***p < 0.001
  2. a The estimates for interaction that include a reference category were not shown as it equal to the main effect of the other variable. For example, estimates for interaction between central x middle education level and central x high education level are equal to estimates for middle education level (OR:1.099, 95%CI:0.938,1.288) and high education level (OR: 1.271, 95%CI:1.067,1.513), respectively
  3. b n = number of records
Back to article page

BMC Geriatrics

ISSN: 1471-2318

Contact us