Table 4 Underlying and Direct Causes of Death in Autopsied Participants of the MEDALZ-2005 Study
From: Causes of death in a nationwide cohort of community-dwellers with Alzheimer’s disease
Category | All autopsies (N = 3889) | Medical autopsies (N = 1445) | Forensic autopsies (N = 2444) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No AD(n = 1804) | AD (n = 2085) | OR (95%CI | No AD (n = 594) | AD (n = 851) | OR (95%CI | No AD (n = 1210) | AD (n = 1234) | OR (95%CI | |
Diseases of the circulatory system | 1131 (62.7) | 1099 (52.7) | 0.66 (0.58, 0.75) | 361 (60.8) | 447 (52.5) | 0.71 (0.58, 0.88) | 770 (63.6) | 652 (52.8) | 0.64 (0.54, 0.75) |
External causes of morbidity and mortality | 257 (14.2) | 331 (15.9) | 1.14 (0.95, 1.36) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (0.6) | N.A | 257 (21.2) | 326 (26.4) | 1.33 (1.10, 1.61) |
Neoplasms | 171 (9.5) | 150 (7.2) | 0.74 (0.59, 0.93) | 109 (18.4) | 102 (12.0) | 0.61 (0.45, 0.81) | 62 (5.1) | 48 (3.9) | 0.75 (0.51, 1.10) |
Diseases of the digestive system | 122 (6.8) | 148 (7.1) | 1.05 (0.82, 1.35) | 61 (10.3) | 95 (11.2) | 1.10 (0.78, 1.54) | 61 (5.0) | 53 (4.3) | 0.85 (0.58, 1.23) |
Diseases of the nervous system | 7 (0.4) | 259 (12.4) | 36.41 (17.14, 77.36) | 4 (0.7) | 152 (17.9) | 32.07 (11.81, 87.08) | 3 (0.2) | 107 (8.7) | 38.20 (12.09, 120.66) |
Diseases of the respiratory system | 60 (3.3) | 51 (2.4) | 0.73 (0.50, 1.06) | 23 (3.9) | 21 (2.5) | 0.63 (0.34, 1.15) | 37 (3.1) | 30 (2.4) | 0.79 (0.49, 1.29) |
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases | 12 (0.7) | 10 (0.5) | 0.72 (0.31, 1.67) | 7 (1.2) | 5 (0.6) | 0.50 (0.16, 1.56) | 5 (0.4) | 5 (0.4) | 0.98 (0.28, 3.40) |
Diseases of the genitourinary system | 11 (0.6) | 11 (0.5) | 0.86 (0.37, 2.00) | 8 (1.3) | 9 (1.1) | 0.78 (0.30, 2.04) | 3 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 0.65 (0.11, 3.92) |
Certain infectious and parasitic diseases | 12 (0.7) | 8 (0.4) | 0.58 (0.24, 1.41) | 10 (1.7) | 6 (0.7) | 0.41 (0.15, 1.15) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 0.98 (0.14, 6.97) |
Mental and behavioral disorders | 9 (0.5) | 11 (0.5) | 1.06 (0.44, 2.56) | 7 (1.2) | 9 (1.1) | 0.90 (0.33, 2.42) | 2 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) | 0.98 (0.14, 6.97) |
Musculoskeletal system/ connective tissue diseases | 7 (0.4) | 1 (< 0.1) | 0.12 (0.02, 1.00) | 3 (0.5) | 0 (0.0) | NA | 4 (0.3) | 1 (0.1) | 0.24 (0.03, 2.19) |
Symptoms, signs, abnormal clinical/laboratory findings | 3 (0.2) | 4 (0.2) | 1.15 (0.26, 5.16) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NA | 3 (0.2) | 4 (0.3) | 1.31 (0.30, 5.86) |
Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities | 2 (0.1) | 1 (< 0.1) | 0.43 (0.04, 4.77) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | NA | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) | 0.98 (0.06, 15.69) |
Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism | 0 (0.0) | 1 (< 0.1) | NA | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NA | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | N.A |