Table 5 Odds ratios (95% CI) for transition type in frailty index and loneliness
From: Loneliness as a risk factor for frailty transition among older Chinese people
|  | 3 -year period (2008–2011) | 6-year period (2008–2014) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Remaining nonfrail | Worsening | Improvement | Remaining frail | Remaining nonfrail | Worsening | Improvement | Remaining frail |
Total | ||||||||
 never | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 seldom | 1.03 | 0.94 | 1.42* | 1.03 | 0.99 | 0.93 | 0.76 | 1.78** |
(0.87–1.20) | (0.79–1.11) | (1.04–1.95) | (0.82–1.30) | (0.82–1.20) | (0.77–1.13) | (0.47–1.22) | (1.25–2.55) | |
 often | 0.89 | 0.96 | 1.50* | 1.07 | 0.83 | 1.00 | 0.88 | 1.74** |
(0.75–1.05) | (0.80–1.16) | (1.08–2.08) | (0.84–1.36) | (0.67–1.02) | (0.80–1.24) | (0.54–1.42) | (1.21–2.50) | |
Female | ||||||||
 never | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 seldom | 1.20 | 0.89 | 1.12 | 0.93 | 1.02 | 0.98 | 0.65 | 1.39 |
(0.96–1.49) | (0.71–1.11) | (0.73–1.72) | (0.70–1.23) | (0.78–1.33) | (0.76–1.28) | (0.35–1.22) | (0.92–2.10) | |
 often | 0.96 | 0.87 | 1.54* | 0.98 | 0.77 | 1.04 | 0.93 | 1.50 |
(0.77–1.21) | (0.68–1.10) | (1.02–2.31) | (0.73–1.31) | (0.58–1.01) | (0.79–1.38) | (0.51–1.67) | (0.99–2.27) | |
Male | ||||||||
 never | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
 seldom | 0.87 | 0.97 | 2.00** | 1.30 | 0.96 | 0.88 | 0.95 | 3.58*** |
(0.69–1.10) | (0.76–1.25) | (1.23–3.24) | (0.86–1.96) | (0.73–1.27) | (0.66–1.16) | (0.46–1.98) | (1.73–7.41) | |
 often | 0.84 | 1.05 | 1.41 | 1.35 | 0.94 | 0.95 | 0.77 | 2.70** |
(0.64–1.09) | (0.79–1.39) | (0.81–2.44) | (0.88–2.05) | (0.68–1.30) | (0.68–1.33) | (0.34–1.77) | (1.27–5.76) | |