Fig. 2From: Association between change in lifestyle and cognitive functions among elderly Koreans: findings from the Korean longitudinal study of aging (2006–2016)Results of subgroup analysis of the four lifestyle factors by sex. The results show the association between lifestyle change and cognitive function over two years. Statistically significant, *p < .05 ** < .01 *** < .0001. †The frequency is zero and cannot be calculated. ‡Cognitive function was measured using the K-MMSE. K-MMSE = Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (score of 0–30). The following variables were included as covariates in every lifestyle analysis: age, economic activity status, region, marital status, living arrangement, educational level, household income, participation in social activities, chronic disease, depression, disability status, survey year; and the four lifestyles were added as covariates to each other’s analysis (exercise: body weight, drinking status, and smoking status was added as covariates; body weight: exercise, drinking status, and smoking status was added as covariates; drinking status: exercise, body weight, smoking status; smoking status: exercise, body weight, drinking status was added as covariates)Back to article page