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Table 3 PD risk predicted by the combination of falling history and depressive symptoms

From: Late-life falling and depressive symptoms associated with the risk of Parkinson’s disease: a nationwide cohort data analysis

 

Total number

Number of PD occurrence

Person-years

Incidence Ratea (1/1000)

Adjusted HRb (95% CI)

Total

Falling (−) Depression (−)

834,857

3522

3,515,446.76

1.002

1.00

Falling (−) Depression (+)

107,693

598

467,281.91

1.280

1.27 (1.16–1.38)

Falling (+) Depression (−)

44,523

213

188,440.86

1.130

1.11 (0.97–1.28)

Falling (+) Depression (+)

19,297

138

81,771.04

1.688

1.66 (1.40–1.97)

Men

Falling (−) Depression (−)

409,661

1657

1,706,433.44

0.971

1.00

Falling (−) Depression (+)

42,743

227

183,166.81

1.239

1.28 (1.11–1.47)

Falling (+) Depression (−)

14,777

86

62,030.75

1.386

1.41 (1.14–1.76)

Falling (+) Depression (+)

6136

40

25,498.32

1.569

1.60 (1.17–2.20)

Women

Falling (−) Depression (−)

425,196

1865

1,809,013.32

1.031

1.00

Falling (−) Depression (+)

64,950

371

284,115.10

1.306

1.25 (1.12–1.40)

Falling (+) Depression (−)

29,746

127

126,410.11

1.005

0.97 (0.81–1.16)

Falling (+) Depression (+)

13,161

98

56,272.72

1.742

1.67 (1.36–2.04)

  1. aIncidence rates were expressed as per 1000 person-years.bHRs were adjusted for sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, household income status, body mass index and the presence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia
  2. Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio