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Table 2 Association between financial stress and good self-reported health

From: Effect of financial stress on self-rereported health and quality of life among older adults in five developing countries: a cross sectional analysis of WHO-SAGE survey

 

Overall

China

Ghana

India

Russia

South Africa

Model 1

 Has Money (Completely)

  Moderately

0.81*** (0.72,0.92)

0.66** (0.51,0.86)

0.47** (0.28,0.77)

0.55*** (0.41,0.74)

0.48*** (0.37,0.63)

0.53 (0.28,1.01)

  A Little

0.39*** (0.34,0.44)

0.13*** (0.09,0.17)

0.31*** (0.19,0.51)

0.29*** (0.21,0.40)

0.46*** (0.33,0.65)

0.22*** (0.12,0.41)

  Not at All

0.25*** (0.21,0.29)

0.05*** (0.02,0.12)

0.22*** (0.13,0.36)

0.23*** (0.15,0.35)

0.24*** (0.16,0.37)

0.15*** (0.08,0.28)

Model 2

 Income quintile (Q1)

  Q2

0.81** (0.71,0.93)

0.70* (0.50,0.96)

1.27 (0.95,1.69)

1.29 (0.93,1.78)

1.38 (0.98,1.95)

1.08 (0.72,1.62)

  Q3

0.98 (0.86,1.10)

0.53*** (0.40,0.70)

1.20 (0.89,1.60)

1.33 (0.96,1.86)

1.22 (0.86,1.74)

1.47 (0.96,2.25)

  Q4

1.04 (0.90,1.19)

0.70 (0.49,1.01)

1.61** (1.18,2.20)

2.06*** (1.48,2.88)

1.06 (0.72,1.56)

1.59* (1.04,2.44)

  Q5

1.46*** (1.26,1.70)

0.89 (0.59,1.33)

2.14*** (1.52,3.01)

2.00*** (1.40,2.85)

1.76** (1.19,2.60)

2.38*** (1.48,3.82)

Model 3

 Has Money (Completely)

  Moderately

0.82** (0.73,0.93)

0.61*** (0.47,0.80)

0.48** (0.29,0.79)

0.56*** (0.42,0.76)

0.49*** (0.38,0.65)

0.56 (0.29,1.05)

  A Little

0.39*** (0.35,0.44)

0.09*** (0.07,0.13)

0.33*** (0.20,0.53)

0.30*** (0.21,0.42)

0.48*** (0.34,0.68)

0.23*** (0.13,0.43)

  Not at All

0.25*** (0.21,0.29)

0.03*** (0.01,0.08)

0.24*** (0.15,0.40)

0.25*** (0.16,0.39)

0.25*** (0.17,0.39)

0.16*** (0.08,0.30)

 Income quintile (Q1)

  Q2

0.72*** (0.63,0.83)

0.41*** (0.29,0.58)

1.17 (0.87,1.57)

1.16 (0.83,1.61)

1.29 (0.90,1.83)

1.04 (0.68,1.59)

  Q3

0.85* (0.75,0.97)

0.41*** (0.30,0.55)

1.04 (0.77,1.41)

1.14 (0.81,1.61)

1.06 (0.74,1.53)

1.47 (0.95,2.27)

  Q4

0.85* (0.73,0.98)

0.27*** (0.18,0.40)

1.36 (0.99,1.88)

1.22 (0.83,1.79)

0.92 (0.62,1.37)

1.37 (0.88,2.14)

  Q5

1.06 (0.91,1.24)

0.31*** (0.20,0.48)

1.62** (1.13,2.32)

1.61** (1.14,2.27)

1.48 (0.99,2.23)

1.55 (0.94,2.57)

  1. Exponentiated coefficients; 95% confidence intervals in brackets.
  2. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001