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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Evaluation of comprehensive geriatric assessment in older patients undergoing pacemaker implantation

Characteristic

All study participants (N = 197)

Age, mean ± SD, years

82.9 ± 4.9

Female sex, n (%)

86 (43.7%)

Body Mass Index, mean ± SD, kg/m2

25.7 ± 4.2

Cardiovascular risk factors

 Hypertension, n (%)

155 (78.7%)

 Hypercholesterolemia, n (%)

60 (30.5%)

 Current smoker, n (%)

17 (8.6%)

 Diabetes, n (%)

30 (15.2%)

 Positive family history, n (%)

24 (12.2%)

Medical history

 Coronary artery disease, n (%)

92 (46.7%)

 Previous myocardial infarction, n (%)

16 (8.1%)

 Valvular heart disease, n (%)

92 (46.7%)

 Hypertensive heart disease, n (%)

40 (26.9%)

 Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, n (%)

24 (12.2%)

 Previous stroke, n (%)

25 (12.7%)

 Previous syncope within last 12 months, n (%)

90 (45.7%)

 Fall without loss of consciousness within last 12 months, n (%)

53 (26.9%)

Electrocardiogram

 Sinus node disease, n (%)

49 (24.9%)

 Atrioventricular block

 - Second-degree, n (%)

39 (19.8%)

 - Third-degree, n (%)

51 (25.9%)

 Atrial fibrillation, n (%)

59 (29.9%)

Comprehensive geriatric assessment

 Cognitive impairment (MMSE < 27 points), n (%)

84 (42.6%)

 Mobility impairment (TUG ≥20 s), n (%)

71 (36.0%)

 At risk of malnutrition (MNA < 12 points), n (%)

90 (45.7%)

 BADL with ≥1 activity with limitation, n (%)

39 (19.8%)

 IADL with ≥1 activity with limitation, n (%)

110 (55.8%)

Emotional assessment

 At risk of depression (GDS ≥2 points), n (%)

34 (17.3%)

Comorbidity burden

 Charlson comorbidity index ≥3, n (%)

98 (49.8%)

  1. Abbreviations: BADL basic activities of daily living, GDS geriatric depression scale, IADL instrumental activities of daily living, MMSE mini mental state exam, MNA mini nutritional assessment, TUG timed get up and go test