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Table 1 Frequency and bivariate sub-hazard ratios of admission into a Home Care programme or a Nursing Home during the 8-year follow-up in relation to the baseline characteristics of the cohort

From: The impact of frailty on admission to home care services and nursing homes: eight-year follow-up of a community-dwelling, older adult, Spanish cohort

VARIABLES

N

ALL N = 616

Death2 n = 95

HOME CARE

NURSING HOME

No HC n = 403

HC n = 118

Sub-hazard Ratio3 [IC95%]

No NH n = 470

NH n = 51

Sub-hazard Ratio3 [IC95%]

Age, years, mean (SD)

616

76.4 (4.8)

78.0 (4.9)

75.2 (4.3)

78.9 (4.8)

1.4 [1.1;1.2]

75.8 (4.6)

78.7 (5.1)

1.1 [1.1;1.2]

Gender, female, n (%)

616

342 (55.5%)

41 (43.2%)

233 (57.8%)

68 (57.6%)

1.0 [0.7;1.5]

267 (56.8%)

34 (66.7%)

1.5 [0.8;2.7]

Educational level, n (%):

599

 

Illiterate

 

52 (8.6%)

7 (7.5%)

33 (8.3%)

12 (10.3%)

Ref.

39 (8.4%)

6 (12.0%)

Ref.

Incomplete primary

 

395 (65.0%)

71 (76.3%)

251 (63.1%)

73 (62.4%)

0.8 [0.4;1.5]

290 (62.4%)

34 (68.0%)

0.7 [0.3;1.8]

Primary

 

112 (18.4%)

9 (9.7%)

78 (19.6%)

25 (21.4%)

1.0 [0.5;2.0]

99 (21.3%)

4 (8.0%)

0.3 [0.1;1.1]

Secondary

 

29 (4.8%)

3 (3.2%)

24 (6.0%)

2 (1.7%)

0.3 [0.1;1.3]

23 (5.0%)

3 (6.0%)

0.8 [0.2;3.3]

University

 

11 (1.8%)

1 (1.1%)

7 (1.8%)

3 (2.6%)

1.2 [0.4;3.7]

9 (1.9%)

1 (2.0%)

0.7 [0.1;6.0]

Living arrangements, n (%):

613

 

Family

 

167 (27.2%)

30 (31.9%)

106 (26.4%)

31 (26.5%)

Ref.

126 (26.9%)

11 (21.6%)

Ref.

Partner

 

311 (50.7%)

44 (46.8%)

206 (51.2%)

61 (52.1%)

1.1 [0.7;1.6]

251 (53.6%)

16 (31.4%)

0.8 [0.4;1.7]

Living alone

 

135 (22.0%)

20 (21.3%)

90 (22.4%)

25 (21.4%)

1.0 [0.6;1.8]

91 (19.4%)

24 (47.1%)

2.8 [1.4;5.8]

Physical activity, n (%):

610

 

Active (≥30 min/day)

 

352 (57.7%)

37 (39.4%)

262 (65.8%)

53 (44.9%)

Ref.

292 (62.8%)

23 (45.1%)

Ref.

< 30 min/day

 

171 (28.0%)

42 (44.7%)

91 (22.9%)

38 (32.2%)

1.5 [1.0;2.2]

110 (23.7%)

19 (37.3%)

1.7 [0.9;3.1]

Sedentary

 

87 (14.3%)

15 (16.0%)

45 (11.3%)

27 (22.9%)

2.4 [1.5;3.8]

63 (13.5%)

9 (17.6%)

1.8 [0.9;3.9]

Body mass index, mean (SD)

592

28.5 (4.2)

28.3 (4.7)

28.2 (3.9)

29.6 (4.4)

1.1 [1.0;1.1]

28.5 (3.92)

28.9 (5.1)

1.0 [0.9;1.1]

Body mass index, n (%):

592

        

< 22 Low weight

 

36 (6.1%)

8 (8.8%)

22 (5.7%)

6 (5.2%)

Ref.

22 (4.9%)

6 (12.0%)

Ref.

22–26.9 Norm weight

 

144 (24.3%)

26 (28.6%)

98 (25.5%)

20 (17.2%)

0.8 [0.3;2.0]

111 (24.6%)

7 (14.0%)

0.3 [0.1;0.8]

27–29.9 Over weight

 

169 (28.5%)

26 (28.6%)

96 (24.9%)

47 (40.5%)

1.5 [0.6;3.6]

123 (27.3%)

20 (40.0%)

0.7 [0.3;1.6]

≥ 30 Obesity

 

243 (41.0%)

31 (34.1%)

169 (43.9%)

43 (37.1%)

0.9 [0.4;2.2]

195 (43.2%)

17 (34.0%)

0.4 [0.1;0.9]

Perceived health1, n (%):

616

 

Good or +

 

259 (42.0%)

31 (32.6%)

191 (47.4%)

37 (31.4%)

Ref.

211 (44.9%)

17 (33.0%)

Ref.

Fair

 

305 (49.5%)

54 (56.8%)

185 (45.9%)

66 (55.9%)

1.6 [1.1;2.4]

226 (48.1%)

25 (49.0%)

1.3 [0.7;2.5]

Bad

 

52 (8.4%)

10 (10.5%)

27 (6.7%)

15 (12.7%)

2.3 [1.3;4.2]

33 (37.0%)

9 (17.6%)

3.0 [1.3;6.7]

Hospitalization/previous year, n (%), ≥1

616

78 (12.7%)

19 (20.0%)

46 (11.4%)

13 (11.0%)

0.8 [0.5;1.5]

53 (11.3%)

6 (11.8%)

0.9 [0.4;2.1]

Falls / previous year, n (%) ≥ 1

615

149 (24.2%)

25 (26.3%)

101 (25.1%)

23 (19.5%)

0.8 [0.5;1.2]

108 (23.0%)

16 (31.4%)

1.5 [0.8;2.6]

Number of drugs, mean (SD)

582

5.0 (3.1)

6.1 (3.3)

4.6 (2.9)

5.4 (3.1)

1.1 [1.0;1.1]

4.6 (2.9)

6.6 (3.2)

1.2 [1.1;1.2]

Psychoactive drugs, n (%), ≥1

563

180 (32.0%)

27 (32.5%)

115 (30.7%)

38 (36.2%)

1.2 [0.8;1.8]

130 (30.0%)

23 (50.0%)

2.1 [1.2;3.8]

  1. SD: Standard deviation; HC: Home Care; NH: Nursing Home; IC95%: 95% confidence interval
  2. 1Perceived health, question: “In general, would you say that your health is excellent, very good, good, fair, or bad?. 2Death, prior to both HC/ NH outcomes. 3Fine–Gray regression model for the sub-distribution hazard