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Table 2 Descriptive statistics of environmental exposure in the residential township (n = 349) of the study subjects

From: Effects of physical and social environments on the risk of dementia among Taiwanese older adults: a population-based case-control study

Environmental features

Percentile

Min

Max

Mean ± SDa

Median

33th

66th

Physical environments

 Parks, greeneries, and square areab

0

25.98

0.54 Â± 1.50

0.29

0.17

0.42

 Playgrounds and sport venuesb

0

156.23

1.42 Â± 8.58

0.21

0.11

0.46

 Community centersc

0

324.75

42.68 Â± 43.45

31.90

15.28

49.13

Social environments

 Median annual family incomed

339

829

507.24 Â± 68.02

494

473

519

 Illiterate people aged≧65 (%)

0.22

55.93

18.69 Â± 11.04

16.29

12.65

22.21

 Elderly living alonee

0

539.29

38.91 Â± 51.74

19.15

13.72

32.26

  1. aSD Standard deviation
  2. b km2/per105 people
  3. c number/per 105 people
  4. d 1000 New Taiwan Dollars
  5. e number / per103 elderly people