Sitting | Static standing | Dynamic standing | Pcondition (partial η2) | Δ Static - Sitting | Δ Dynamic - Sitting | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary outcome: | ||||||
Oxygen uptake VO2 (ml/min/kg) | 3.3 ± 0.6 | 4.2 ± 0.6* | 4.4 ± 0.6*† | < 0.001 (0.788) | 0.87 ± 0.47 | 1.08 ± 0.49¥ |
Secondary outcome | ||||||
TMT1: Visual Scanning (sec) | 26.8 ± 9.9 | 23.3 ± 3.8 | 24.6 ± 7.4 | 0.228 | −3.47 ± 8.18 | −2.19 ± 7.45 |
TMT2: Number Sequencing (sec) | 43.6 ± 10.9 | 32.9 ± 11.7* | 37.0 ± 17.9 | 0.022 (0.293) | −10.71 ± 11.58 | −6.53 ± 14.42 |
TMT3: Letter Sequencing (sec) | 42.6 ± 13.2 | 34.9 ± 9.2 | 36.1 ± 15.5 | 0.055 | −7.72 ± 11.39 | −6.55 ± 11.25 |
TMT4: Number-Letter Switching (sec) | 93.0 ± 43.5 | 80.7 ± 53.0 | 90.6 ± 53.3 | 0.221 | −12.28 ± 17.54 | −2.41 ± 27.58 |
TMT5: Motor Speed (sec) | 36.9 ± 11.0 | 33.9 ± 14.0 | 31.8 ± 12.7* | 0.022 (0.292) | −2.93 ± 6.37 | −5.09 ± 6.38 |
Stroop1: Word naming/reading (sec) | 54.8 ± 7.3 | 51.6 ± 7.9* | 52.3 ± 8.8$ | 0.032 (0.269) | −3.17 ± 4.02 | −2.42 ± 4.08 |
Stroop2: Color naming (sec) | 72.3 ± 16.9 | 67.4 ± 17.1* | 68.0 ± 15.8* | 0.018 (0.306) | −4.83 ± 6.51 | −4.25 ± 4.90 |
Stroop3: Verbal response inhibition (sec) | 123.2 ± 28.6 | 109.8 ± 23.8* | 114.2 ± 33.6$ | 0.013 (0.328) | −13.42 ± 9.55 | −9.00 ± 16.83 |
Stroop4: Inhibition/switching (sec) | 142.6 ± 30.8 | 123.1 ± 25.6* | 125.1 ± 35.5* | 0.001 (0.457) | −19.50 ± 12.60 | −17.50 ± 20.98 |