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Table 1 Comparative results of demographic, morbidity and mortality characteristics between institutionalized (IOP) and non-institutionalized older people (non-IOP). Years 2011, 2013, 2015 and 2017

From: What lies beneath: a retrospective, population-based cohort study investigating clinical and resource-use characteristics of institutionalized older people in Catalonia

 

2011

2013

2015

2017

IOP

n-IOP

p

IOP

n-IOP

p

IOP

n-IOP

p

IOP

n-IOP

p

No. of cases

93,038

1,258,204

–

78,458

1,320,726

 

68,545

1,367,075

 

67,456

1,405,167

 

Percentage

6.9

93.1

–

5.6

94.4

–

4.8

95.2

–

4.6

95.4

–

Age (years)

Mean (SD)

82.02 (8.4)

75.59 (7.6)

< 0.0001a

83.75 (8.0)

75.56 (7.7)

< 0.0001 a

85.08 (7.8)

75.64 (7.8)

< 0.0001 a

85.95 (7.6)

75.67 (7.8)

< 0.0001 a

Median (IQR)

83 (76–88)

75 (69–81)

85 (79–90)

76 (70–82)

86 (81–91)

74 (69–81)

87 (82–91)

74 (69–81)

Sex

Men (%)

31.36

43.25

< 0.0001

29.29

43.52

< 0.0001

28.48

43.57

< 0.0001

27.89

43.71

< 0.0001

Women (%)

68.64

56.75

70.91

56.48

71.52

56.43

72.11

56.29

Deaths (%)

11.74

3.10

< 0.0001

14.1

3.40

< 0.0001

18.2

3.24

< 0.0001

20.46

3.13

< 0.0001

MORBIDITY

 Diabetes (%)

31.4

26.04

< 0.0001

29.68

24.75

< 0.0001

30.77

25.28

< 0.0001

32.15

25.75

< 0.0001

 Heart failure (%)

18.2

9.38

< 0.0001

21.49

9.43

< 0.0001

25.8

10.26

< 0.0001

28.73

10.74

< 0.0001

 COPD (%)

17.78

13.78

< 0.0001

18.00

13.27

< 0.0001

19.40

14.34

< 0.0001

20.77

15.14

< 0.0001

 Hypertension (%)

84.59

74.11

< 0.0001

74.85

65.34

< 0.0001

78.08

66.30

< 0.0001

80.22

66.55

< 0.0001

 Chronic kidney disease (%)

15.33

10.59

< 0.0001

18.99

10.86

< 0.0001

24.70

13.46

< 0.0001

29.98

15.99

< 0.0001

 Asthma (%)

6.09

5.49

< 0.0001

6.55

5.89

< 0.0001

7.12

6.51

< 0.0001

8.11

7.09

< 0.0001

 Dementia (%)

33.39

6.61

< 0.0001

35.82

4.55

< 0.0001

42.08

4.50

< 0.0001

46.47

4.58

< 0.0001

 Cirrhosis (%)

1.43

1.41

0.5

1.18

1.11

0.459

1.31

1.3

0.878

1.43

1.43

0.998

 Depression (%)

29.84

1793

< 0.0001

29.9

17.28

< 0.0001

33.69

19.13

< 0.0001

40.72

22.05

< 0.0001

 Mental health chronic patient (%)

6.85

2.83

< 0.0001

10.07

3.25

< 0.0001

12.71

3.63

< 0.0001

15.36

4.28

< 0.0001

 Stroke (%)

19.31

9.09

< 0.0001

22.78

8.87

< 0.0001

27.24

9.82

< 0.0001

31.16

10.77

< 0.0001

 Ischemic heart disease (%)

21.66

15.37

< 0.0001

14.89

11.55

< 0.0001

15.65

11.86

< 0.0001

16.22

12.22

< 0.0001

 Neoplasia (%)

19.99

19.65

0.012

19.54

18.40

< 0.0001

20.18

19.26

< 0.0001

22.66

21.42

< 0.0001

 Chronic musculoskeletal diseases (%)

58.2

54.47

< 0.0001

61.62

55.54

< 0.0001

66.68

60.46

< 0.0001

74.73

67.22

< 0.0001

 Osteoporosis (%)

19.33

16.04

< 0.0001

17.88

14.43

< 0.0001

20.59

15.54

< 0.0001

24.24

16.77

< 0.0001

 Osteoarthritis (%)

43.64

37.03

< 0.0001

46.04

36.8

< 0.0001

50.36

40.26

< 0.0001

56.08

43.5

< 0.0001

 Arthritis (%)

5.82

4.32

< 0.0001

6.09

4.33

< 0.0001

7.45

5.83

< 0.0001

9.41

7.55

< 0.0001

 Chronic pain (%)

1.16

0.56

< 0.0001

1.46

0.84

< 0.0001

2.64

1.35

< 0.0001

4.41

1.9

< 0.0001

 Malnutrition (%)

0.52

0.17

< 0.0001

0.79

0.25

< 0.0001

1.21

0.34

< 0.0001

1.55

0.41

< 0.0001

 Pressure ulcer (%)

2.34

0.50

< 0.0001

3.40

0.59

< 0.0001

4.96

0.76

< 0.0001

5.67

0.86

< 0.0001

  1. COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. IOP Institutionalized Older People. non-IOP Non-Institutionalized Older People. IQR interquartile range (25th and 75th percentiles). SD Standard deviation
  2. aBoth T-test and Mann-Whitney U test
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