Relationships of self-management abilities to loneliness among older people: a cross-sectional study

BMC Geriatrics

Table 2 Relationships of background characteristics and self-management abilities to loneliness, as determined by regression analyses

Variable	Emotional loneliness n = 17,175			Social loneliness n = 17,342
	β	SE	p	β	SE	p
Intercept	6.78	0.22	< 0.001	7.14	0.18	< 0.001
Age	−0.00	0.00	0.643	− 0.01	0.00	< 0.001
Gender (male)	−0.15	0.03	< 0.001	0.29	0.03	< 0.001
Marital status (married)	− 0.99	0.04	< 0.001	−0.27	0.04	< 0.001
Low educational level^a	0.03	0.04	0.511	−0.04	0.04	0.337
Medium educational level^a	−0.02	0.05	0.715	0.06	0.04	0.161
No chronic illness/condition	−0.41	0.03	< 0.001	−0.19	0.03	< 0.001
Taking initiatives	−0.09	0.03	0.006	−0.23	0.03	< 0.001
Investment behavior	−0.21	0.04	< 0.001	−0.02	0.03	0.518
Variety of resources	−0.10	0.02	< 0.001	0.02	0.02	0.446
Multifunctionality	−0.13	0.03	< 0.001	−0.11	0.02	< 0.001
Self-efficacy	−0.64	0.03	< 0.001	−0.56	0.03	< 0.001
Positive frame of mind	−0.06	0.02	0.002	−0.05	0.02	0.019
R²	0.29			0.23

ISSN: 1471-2318