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Table 2 Regression results. (Table 2 is at the “Results” part)

From: The role of social engagement in the association of self-reported hearing loss and health-related quality of life

Variables

Model 1

Model 2

Model 3

Model 4

Model 5

Model 6

Model 7

PCS

MCS

PCS

MCS

ISE

PCS

MCS

Self-reported HL

−1.92(0.24)***

−2.76(0.37)***

− 1.19(0.23)***

−2.09(0.37)***

−0.24(0.06)***

− 1.14(0.23)***

− 1.81(0.36)***

Social engagement index

     

0.20(0.06)***

1.14(0.09)***

Controls

 Age

  

−0.04(0.02)*

0.23(0.03)***

0.004(0.01)

−0.04(0.02)*

0.23(0.03)***

 Sex (ref. = male)

  

−1.28(0.31)***

− 1.47(0.49)***

0.06(0.08)

− 1.29(0.31)***

− 1.54(0.48)***

 Residence (ref. = urban)

  

0.05(0.26)

−0.26(0.40)

0.02(0.07)

0.04(0.26)

−0.29(0.39)

 Marital status (ref. = with spouse)

  

−0.39(0.24)

0.17(0.38)

0.32(0.07)***

−0.45(0.24)

−0.20(0.37)

 Education (ref. = literate)

  

−0.15 (0.28)

−1.01(0.43)*

−0.47(0.07)***

− 0.05(0.28)

−0.47(0.42)

 Log of household income per capita

  

0.51(0.13)***

1.73(0.21)***

0.23(0.04)***

0.47(0.13)***

1.46(0.20)***

 Current employed (ref. = no)

  

1.14(0.27)***

0.34(0.42)

0.39(0.07)***

1.06(0.27)***

−0.11(0.42)

Smoking history (ref. = never)

 Past

  

−0.30(0.39)

0.03(0.61)

−0.08(0.11)

−0.28(0.39)

0.13(0.60)

 Current

  

−0.12(0.32)

0.30(0.50)

−0.14(0.09)

−0.09(0.32)

0.46(0.49)

Drinking history (ref. = never)

 Past

  

0.37(0.38)

1.16(0.59)*

0.11(0.10)

0.35(0.38)

1.034(0.58)

 Current

  

0.41(0.30)

1.92(0.48)***

0.38(0.08)***

0.34(0.30)

1.49(0.47)***

Number of chronic diseases

  

−1.89(0.11)***

−2.09(0.17)***

−0.16(0.03)***

−1.86(0.11)***

−1.91(0.17)***

Constant

42.83(0.15) ***

42.16(0.23)***

45.26(1.78)***

15.22(2.79)***

1.75(0.48)***

44.91(1.78)***

13.22(2.74)***

R2

0.0157

0.0134

0.1146

0.1052

0.0661

0.1171

0.1399

  1. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001
  2. Bootstrap for PCS: indirect effectβ = −0.049(0.019) **,95% CI = [− 0.086,-0.012];direct effectβ = −1.136(0.223) ***, 95%CI = [− 1.574,-0.699]; total effectβ = − 1.185(0.028), 95%CI = [− 1.645,-0.644]
  3. Bootstrap for MCS: indirect effectβ = − 0.277(0.076)***,95% CI = [− 0.427,-0.128]; direct effectβ = − 1.811(0.028) ***,95%CI = [− 2.624,-0.998]; total effectβ = − 2.088(0.392),95%CI = [− 2.756,-1.271]
  4. Bootstrap 95%CI P < 0.05