Web-based exercise versus supervised exercise for decreasing visceral adipose tissue in older adults with central obesity: a randomized controlled trial

Table 2 Changes in outcomes following 10 weeks of supervised exercise and 10 weeks of web-based exercise

	Changes within groups						Comparison in changes between groups
	SEn = 36			WEn = 34			SEn = 36	WEn = 34
	Baseline	10 Weeks	P	Baseline	10 Weeks	P	Mean change (95% CI)	Mean change (95% CI)	Pfor difference
Body composition^a
VAT (g)	2339 ± 809	2176 ± 758	< 0.001	2061 ± 844	2025 ± 829	0.5	− 163 (− 232 to − 94)	− 36 (− 140 to 67)	0.11
FM (g)	33,424 ± 5940	32,353 ± 6004	< 0.001	32,313 ± 5573	31,863 ± 5752	0.034	− 1071 (− 1504 to − 638)	−450 (− 863 to − 37)	0.042
BFP (%)	39.6 ± 6.6	38.8 ± 6.9	< 0.001	39.0 ± 5.8	38.7 ± 6.0	0.022	− 0.8 (− 1.2 to − 0.4)	−0.3 (− 0.6 to − 0.1)	0.051
LBM (g)	48,621 ± 8837	48,900 ± 8918	0.08	48,385 ± 9359	48,325 ± 9090	0.7	280 (−35 to 594)	−60 (− 387 to 266)	0.13
BMI (kg/m²)	29.8 ± 3.1	29.4 ± 3.1	< 0.001	28.5 ± 3.5	28.4 ± 3.5	0.2	− 0.4 (− 0.5 to − 0.2)	−0.1 (− 0.3 to 0.1)	0.072
Blood markers (mmol/l)^b
TC	5.18 ± 1.25	4.93 ± 1.17	0.006	5.20 ± 0.92	5.11 ± 0.89	0.4	−0.25 (− 0.42 to − 0.08)	−0.09 (− 0.32 to 0.13)	0.2
HDL	1.40 ± 0.42	1.39 ± 0.36	0.7	1.54 ± 0.43	1.54 ± 0.39	0.8	−0.01 (− 0.07 to 0.05)	−0.01 (− 0.06 to 0.05)	0.4
LDL	3.08 ± 1.09	2.89 ± 0.99	0.010	2.95 ± 0.90	2.88 ± 0.89	0.5	−0.18 (− 0.31 to − 0.05)	−0.07 (− 0.25 to 0.12)	0.4
TG	1.55 ± 0.45	1.47 ± 0.42	0.3	1.58 ± 0.57	1.53 ± 0.56	0.5	−0.08 (− 0.22 to 0.06)	−0.05 (− 0.21 to 0.11)	0.7
FBG	5.98 ± 1.09	5.79 ± 0.67	0.13	5.94 ± 1.14	5.99 ± 1.09	0.5	−0.19 (− 0.44 to 0.06)	0.06 (− 0.12 to 0.23)	0.067

^a Data on body composition for the SE group was originally published in ‘Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 2019,67 [8]:1625–1631’ by John Wiley & Sons Ltd., from whom permission was granted to reuse the data in the present study
^b Data on blood lipids for the SE group was originally published in ‘Clinical Interventions in Aging 2019,14:1589–1599’ by Dove Medical Press Ltd., from whom permission was granted to reuse the data in the present study
All data are presented as means ± standard deviation at baseline and follow-up for within-group changes with P-values derived from paired t-tests. For comparison between groups, mean change and 95% CI from within each group is presented with P-values for between-group difference derived from ANCOVA adjusted for baseline values
Abbreviations: BFP body fat percentage; BMI body mass index; CI confidence interval; FBG fasting blood glucose; FM fat mass; HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LBM lean body mass; LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SE supervised exercise; TC total cholesterol; TG triglycerides; VAT visceral adipose tissue; WE web-based exercise

ISSN: 1471-2318