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Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

From: What hinders and facilitates the implementation of nurse-led interventions in dementia care? A scoping review

Number (referring to Table 2) Author (year)

Country

Setting

Study design1

Intervention description

Theoretical framework for implementation

Participants

1. Ampe et al. (2017) [18]

Belgium

Nursing Home (Dementia Care wards)

CCT

Multidisciplinary communication intervention “we DECide” for nursing home staff in order to ensure shared decision making in advance care planning conversations with residents affected by dementia and their families.

Multidisciplinary nursing home healthcare teams on the management and the clinical level (n = 90)

2. Appelhof et al. (2018) [19]

Netherlands

Nursing Home (Special Care units for People with young-onset dementia)

RCT

Intervention based on the “Grip on Challenging Behavior” care program aiming to improve the management of NPS in persons with young-onset dementia

Nurses, psychologist, physicians and team leaders (n = 82)

3. Bayly et al. (2018) [20]

Canada

Outpatient Setting

Multiple case study

Implementation of dementia-focused “integrated Knowledge Transfer” strategies by a “knowledge broker” (nurse) to facilitate knowledge transfer between health care professionals and people with dementia and their relatives.

PARiHS Framework

Rural home care providers: Registered and licensed practical nurses, health care aides,

managers, and other care providers (n = 19)

4. Boersma et al. (2017) [21]

Netherlands

Nursing Home (Psycho-geriatric wards)

Multiple case study

The “Veder Contact Method” combining core components of existing psychosocial and person-centred methods in dementia care in order to improve the contact between caregivers and people with dementia.

Professional caregivers and managers involved in the study (n = 54)

5. Bourbonnais et al. (2018) [22]

Canada

Nursing Home

Action research study

A complex intervention developed to manage screaming in older people with dementia.

Theories on changing practice and building new habits

Formal (registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, nurse aides, special education instructors, managers) caregivers (n = 16) and family caregivers (n = 3)

6. Brooker et al. (2016) [23]

UK

Nursing Home

Mixed-methods study

The “Focussed Intervention Training and Support” programme to reduce antipsychotic prescribing for people with dementia.

Dementia care coaches and university-based educators designated Dementia Practice Development Coaches (n = 68)

7. Chenoweth et al. (2018) [24]

Australia

Nursing Home

Before and after study

Multifaceted intervention to support antipsychotic deprescribing for people with dementia.

Champions of the intervention (senior registered nurses, clinical nurse specialist, clinical nurse consultant, nurse practitioner, quality managers, deputy director of nursing, care unit managers) (n = 22)

8. Clark et al. (2016) [25]

UK

Nursing Home

Not clear

“Sporting memories work” to engage older people with dementia.

Leaders and staff involved in the study (n = not indicated)

9. Dahl et al. (2018) [26]

Norway

Nursing Home

c-RCT

A tailored educational intervention focused on reducing relational and physical restraint for people with dementia.

PARiHS Framework

Nursing home staff (n = NI)

10. Ducak et al. (2018) [27]

Canada

Nursing Home

Qualitative study

“Montessori Methods for Dementia” using a person-centred approach to increase participation in, and enjoyment of, daily life of people with dementia.

Nursing home staff in the recreation/programs/activities department, managers/educators or regulated health care professional (n = 17)

11. Griffiths et al. (2019) [28]

UK

Nursing Home

RCT

DCM aimed to allow care home staff delivering more person-centred care for people with dementia.

Care home managers, DCM mappers, staff members, expert mappers (n = 75), residents (n = 2) and relatives (n = 6)

12. Hendriks et al. (2016) [29]

Netherlands

Different settings (meeting and day care centres, long-term care institutions)

Qualitative study

Personalized nature activities to support well-being and quality of life of people with dementia.

Professionals (n = 13), volunteers (n = 3) and people with dementia (n = 12) involved in the intervention

13. Henskens et al. (2017) [30]

Netherlands

Nursing Home

CCT

“Movement-oriented restorative care” to optimize independence in activities of daily living and quality of life of people with dementia.

Nurses, activity supervisors, heads of department, physiotherapist, occupational therapist, ‘ambassadors’ (n = 12)

14. Jacobsen et al. (2017) [31]

Norway

Nursing Home

Mixed-Methods study

Educational intervention to support shared decision-making to avoid the use of restraint in agitated residents with dementia.

PARIHS Framework

Quantitative data: nursing home staff (n = 452)

Qualitative data: Nurses, auxiliary nurses, nursing assistants, social educators, occupational therapists (n = 53)

15. Keenan et al. (2018) [32]

UK

Nursing Home

c-RCT including case studies

E-learning and decision support intervention to support nursing home staff in interacting with residents displaying challenging behaviours.

Normalisation Process Theory

Home managers, care staff, research intervention nurse and therapist (n = 9)

16. Latham et al. (2017) [33]

UK

Nursing Home

Mixed-methods study and case studies

The “Focussed Intervention Training and Support” programme to reduce inappropriate antipsychotic prescribing for people with dementia.

Dementia care coaches, staff, managers (n = 30)

17. Luckett et al. (2017) [34]

Australia

Nursing Home

RCT

Facilitated case conferencing with family decision-makers in order to improve quality of end of life care in nursing home residents with advanced dementia.

Registered Nurses in the PCPC role, other members of nursing home staff, and physicians participating in case conferences (n = 40)

18. Mariani et al. (2017) [35]

Italy and Netherlands

Nursing Home

Qualitative study

Multicomponent intervention to improve shared decision-making.

Healthcare professionals (mostly healthcare assistants) involved in the study (n = 19)

19. Mekki et al. (2017) [36]

Norway

Nursing Home

C-RCT

Educational intervention to support shared decisions to avoid the use of restraint in agitated residents with dementia.

PARIHS Framework

Facilitators of the intervention (n = 8)

20. Pieper et al. (2018) [37]

Netherlands

Nursing Home

Mixed-methods Study

“STA OP!” multicomponent intervention to reduce symptoms of pain and challenging behaviour in people with dementia.

Healthcare professionals participating in the intervention (n = 6)

21. Quasdorf et al. (2016) [38]

Germany

Nursing Home

CCT

DCM to enhance person-centred care.

Head nurses, staff nurses, project coordinators (n = 27)

22. Quasdorf et al. (2019) [39]

Germany

Nursing Home

Case study

DCM to enhance person-centred care.

Head nurses, staff nurses, project coordinators (n = 28)

23. Surr et al. (2018) [40]

UK

Acute Hospital

Case study

Training interventions to improve practice and care experiences for people with dementia.

Dementia training facilitators and staff having attended training, ward managers (n = 49)

24. Toye et al. (2019) [41]

Australia

Acute Hospital

Mixed-methods study

A systematic nurse–caregiver conversation to provide safe person-centred hospital care for people with dementia.

COM-B system (capability, opportunity and motivational/behavioural system)

Nurses (n = 6)

25. Van Mierlo et al. (2015) [42]

Netherlands

Nursing Home

Qualitative study

Mental health care transfer intervention after admission to a nursing home of a person with dementia in order to promote continuity of care.

Community psychiatric nurses, professional home carers, stakeholders (n = 27) and family caregivers (n = 5)

26. Wils et al. (2017) [43]

Belgium

Nursing Home

Before and after study

Educational program for nursing staff to improve advanced care planning.

Conceptual framework for implementation of advance care planning

Nurses (n = 13)

  1. 1Study design of the overall study (e.g. of the implementation or evaluation study, where barriers and facilitators were investigated in an embedded sub-study or independent qualitative studies)
  2. Abbreviations: CCT Controlled clinical trial, c-RCT Cluster-RCT, DCM Dementia Care Mapping, NI No information available, NPS Neuropsychiatric symptoms, PARiHS Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services, RCT Randomized controlled trial