Table 1 Characteristics and comparing in male and female
From: Association between motoric cognitive risk syndrome and frailty among older Chinese adults
|  | Total (n = 429) | Males (n = 257) | Females (n = 172) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 76.7 ± 7.7 | 77.4 ± 8.0 | 75.7 ± 7.2 | 0.027 |
High school and above, n (%) | 283 (66.0) | 179 (69.6) | 104 (60.5) | 0.049 |
Married, n (%) | 340 (79.3) | 221 (86.0) | 119 (69.2) | < 0.001 |
Current or former smoker, n (%) | 100 (23.3) | 100 (38.9) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
Current or former drinker, n (%) | 99 (23.1) | 93 (36.2) | 6 (3.5) | < 0.001 |
BMI (mean ± SD, kg/m2) | 23.7 ± 3.2 | 23.8 ± 3.0 | 23.5 ± 3.5 | 0.312 |
History of diabetes, n (%) | 101 (23.5) | 64 (24.9) | 37 (21.5) | 0.417 |
History of cerebrovascular diseases, n (%) | 129 (30.1) | 78 (30.4) | 51 (29.7) | 0.877 |
History of hypertension, n (%) | 325 (75.8) | 199 (77.4) | 126 (73.3) | 0.323 |
History of coronary artery disease, n (%) | 141 (32.9) | 85 (33.1) | 56 (32.6) | 0.911 |
Comorbidities (≥ 5 diseases), n (%) | 259 (60.4) | 157 (61.1) | 102 (59.3) | 0.711 |
Polypharmacy (≥ 5 drugs), n (%) | 198 (46.2) | 118 (45.9) | 80 (46.5) | 0.903 |
Fall history in the past year, n (%) | 69 (16.1) | 41 (16.0) | 28 (16.3) | 0.928 |
Grip strength, (mean ± SD, kg) | 30.6 ± 9.4 | 35.5 ± 8.1 | 23.3 ± 5.5 | < 0.001 |
Four-meter usual gait speed (mean ± SD, m/s) | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 0.3 | 0.622 |
Depressive symptoms from GDS-15 (mean ± SD, scores) | 2.2 ± 2.4 | 1.8 ± 2.1 | 2.9 ± 2.8 | < 0.001 |
MMSE (mean ± SD, scores) | 27.4 ± 1.9 | 27.3 ± 1.9 | 27.5 ± 1.8 | 0.145 |
Frailty for CFS ≥ 5, n (%) | 64 (14.9) | 38 (14.8) | 26 (15.1) | 0.925 |